The Cell Cycle And Cellular Reproduction Flashcards
Animal cells have centrioles, what cells don’t?
Plant cells
Mitosis allows growth and increase size in both?
Plant and animals
Both plant and animal cells undergo cytokinesis.
Mitosis creates diploid cells from??
Diploid cells
The term that refers to division of the cytoplasm is?
Cytokinesis
Cancer cells require lots of nutrients, which are supplied by blood vessels. The growth of new blood vessels to cancerous cells is called ??
Angiogenesis
How many chromosomes are in each bacterial cell?
Only one
A bacterial chromosome is present in a ?
Single copy per cell
A bacterial chromosome is attached to the?
Plasma membrane
A bacterial chromosome is in a?
Loop
Virtually all specialised cells of multicellular organisms have the same amount of?
DNA and the same number of chromosomes as all other cells of the organism
The term used for DNA in a nucleus before it becomes condensed in preparation for mitosis is?
Chromatin
Each chromosome separates into daughter chromosome by?
Binary fusion
In prokaryotes the chromosome is held in a region called the??
The nucleoid
Chromosomes contain both?
DNA and associated Histones
Chromosomes condense from ?
Chromatin at the start of mitosis
Chromosomes disperse back into chromatin at the end of??
Mitosis
Chromosomes are not located within the??
Nuclear envelope during mitosis
The Diploid (2n) number of chromosome for humans is??
46
The haploid (n) number of chromosomes for humans is?
23
Mitosis is a process that duplicates and divides only what?
Only the nuclear contents
Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same number of?
Chromosomes as the parent cell
What is the correct sequence of stages in the cell cycle?
G1
S
G2
M
Below the skin are stem cells that divide, with some cells continuing the stem cell line and others being pushed toward the surface to?
Flatten and die and be sloughed off.
In bone marrow are other stem cells producing cells such as the erythrocytes that lose their nucleus and function for a few months in the blood stream before they too die, such “dead end” cells that reproduce no further… Leave the…..?
Cell cycle in a G0 phase, which immediately follow telophase
The critical checkpoints that control the cell cycle are at the?
G1 to S stage and G2 to M phase
During which stage of the cell cycle is cell growth and replication of organelles most significant ?
G1 Phase
Which stage is most associated with a cell that is unable to divide again, such as a muscle or nerve cell?
The G0 phase
What is the correct sequence of stages of mitosis?
Prophase Pro metaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
What occurs in metaphase ?
Chromosomes line up along the equator of the dividing cell
What occurs in anaphase ?
Chromosomes move to opposite poles
In multicellular organisms, mitosis is a means of?
Tissue growth and repair
Apoptosis refers to cell death and can be?
Programmed and is essential to normal development
Most of the cell cycle is spent in ?
Interphase
Apoptosis is?
- programmed cell death
- is a process that acts to decrease the number of somatic cells
- works to oppose the effects of mitosis
- is necessary for the proper development of an embryo
Each Eukaryotic chromosomes…….??
- consists of both DNA and protein
- contains Histones responsible for packaging DNA to fit into a small space
- ## come in pairs in most organisms
Chromosomes like )(
typically appear in which stage of the cell cycle ??
Late prophase and metaphase
The chromosome is only highly coiled during what phase?
During mitosis
Each half of the chromosome will split from the other at ?
During anaphase
