The Cell Cycle Flashcards
What is the major outcome of the cell cycle
Segregation of replicated genomes
How is protein kinase activated
By phosphorylation and can be inhibited also by phosphorylation
What is the result of adding phosphoryl group to modified residue
Changes:
-protein conformation surface/shape change (secondary and tertiary structure)
Changes can impair:
Enzyme activity
-protein-protein interactions
What is the key role of cyclin dependant kinase (CDK)
CDK regulator of cell cycle control
When is CDK active
CDK only active when bound to cyclin (regulatory protein)
What are the steps of mitosis
P- prophase
M- metaphase
A- anaphase
T-telophase
What is driven by the accumulation of cyclin
Drives enters into M-phase
How is CDK regulated
Regulated by phosphorylation in positive feedback loop
When does the sister chromatid separation occur
At metaphase-anaphase transition
3 main sequence of events in prophase
1) chromosomes condense
2) centrosomes move to opposite ends of the pole
3) spindle fibres form
What causes a decrease in CDK activity
A decrease in cyclin levels
What causes degradation of cyclin
Cyclin degraded through proteolysis
What leads to cyclin proteolysis
Cyclin ubiquitylation
What are the results when staining DNA with propidium iodide
1) red fluorescence dye
2) intercalates between DNA bases
3) fluorescence increases when bound to DNA
What dye is used for fluorescence microscopy
propidium iodide (PI)
