The Cell

Question 0

Microscopy

Answer 0

To see cells and the structures within them.

Question 1

Unicellular Organism

Answer 1

Carry out all activities necessary for life.

Question 2

Plasma Membrane

Answer 2

A bilayer made of lipids with embedded protein molecules.

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Contains the cytosol and cytoskeleton.

Question 4

Cytosol

Answer 4

Is an aqueous solution containing ions, various organic molecules, and organelles.

Question 5

Cytoskeleton

Answer 5

Maintains cell shape and plays key roles in the cel division and chromosome segregation.

Question 6

Prokaryotes

Answer 6

The nucleoid region has no boundary membrane.

Many species of bacteria have a few internal membranes.

Question 7

Eukaryotes

Answer 7

The true nucleus is separated from the surrounding cytoplasm by membranes.
Cytoplasm typically contains extensive membrane systems that form organelles.

Question 8

Prokaryotic Chromosome

Answer 8

DNA is a single, circular molecule.

Question 9

Glycocalyx

Answer 9

Polysaccharides that are on the external cell wall.

Question 10

Slime Layer

Answer 10

Glycolcalyx that is loosely associated with the cells.

Question 11

Capsule

Answer 11

Glycocalyx when it is firmly attached.

Question 12

Flagella

Answer 12

The part that moves many bacteria and archaeans.

Question 13

Bacterial flagellum

Answer 13

Rotate in a socket and pushes the cell through a liquid medium.

Question 14

Pili

Answer 14

Hairlike structures that attach the cell to to surfaces or other cells.

Question 15

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 15

Separates the nucleus.

Consists of two membranes.

Question 16

Nuclear Pore Complexes

Answer 16

Embedded in the nuclear envelope regulate the transport of proteins and RNA molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Question 17

Nucleoplasm

Answer 17

Liquid within the nucleus.

Question 18

Chromatin

Answer 18

Combination of DNA and proteins.

Question 19

Eukaryotic Chromosome

Answer 19

DNA is linear-organized with its proteins into specific ________ _________.

Question 20

Nucleoli

Answer 20

Eukaryotic nucleus contains one or more.

Formed around the genes coding for rRNA molecules of ribosomes.

Question 21

Endomembrane System

Answer 21

Divides the cell into functional and structural compartments.

Question 22

Vesicles

Answer 22

Small membrane bound sacs that transfer substances between parts of the system.

Question 23

Cisternae

Answer 23

Extensive interconnected network of membranous channels and ______.

Question 24

ER lumen

Answer 24

A single membrane that surrounds an enclosed space.

Question 25

Rough ER

Answer 25

Has many ribosomes on its outer surface.

Question 26

Smooth ER

Answer 26

Membranes have no ribosomes attached to their surfaces.