The Cell Flashcards
Cellular/Molecular Biology
scientific study of cells cellular systems, and the molecular basis of cell structure and function
Embryology
the study of the formation and development of an embryo and fetus
Histology
the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues
Anatomy
the study of the structure of a plant or animal
Pathology
science of the causes and effects of diseases
Cell
membrane-enclosed structure subdivided into smaller functional units
Plasma Membrane role
protection and nutrient acquisition
plasma membrane
fluid bilayers of emphatic phospholipids
what does the plasma membrane consist of?
hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic lipid tails, forming a barrier to passive diffusion of large or charged molecules; known as the fluid mosaic
what is the plasma membrane involved in?
ion and metabolite transport; fluid-phase and receptor-mediated uptake of macromolecules; cell ligand, cell-matrix, and cell-cell interactions
What is passive diffusion?
type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes
what is used to facilitate membrane transport?
channels and carriers
how do channel proteins work?
concentration gradients drive the solute movements and hydrophilic pores move the solutes
how do carrier proteins work?
when solute is moved against a concentration gradient, creates energy (ATP) which creates a conformation change of the carrier and starts transmembrane movement
Exocytosis
membrane bound vesicles fuse with plasma membrane to discharge content in extracellular space
