Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Life And Health Science > The Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What 3 things does the cardiovascular system consist of?

A

The heart
The blood vessels
The blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What’s the function of the heart?

A

It is made up of cardiac muscle and pumps blood around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the 4 things blood is made up of?

A

White blood cells
Platelets
Red blood cells
Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of blood vessels?

A

Responsible for transporting blood around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does white blood cells do?

A

Fight disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do platelets help do?

A

They help blood clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does red blood cells Carry?

A

Oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the plasma carry?

A

Ions and nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What direction does arteries carry blood?

A

Away from the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do arteries subdivide into?

A

They subdivide into arterioles which eventually divide into capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In what part of the vessel does blood flow?

A

In the lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What direction does the blood flow go in veins?

A

Return blood to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does veins subdivide into?

A

Venules Which then divide into capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does valves do?

A

Prevent back flow (in veins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is capillaries involved in diffusion?

A

They have a short diffusion pathway, wall is only one cell thick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What gets diffused in capillaries?

A

Oxygen and nutrients and also waste products such as urea (excess protein) and carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Order of the blood vessel network

A 
Heart
Artery
Arteriole
Capillary
Venule 
Vein
Heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Explain the structure of an artery

A 
Thick wall with fibrous tissue
Thick middle layer with muscle and elastic fibre 
Has a narrow lumen and endothelium 
Round shape
Have a high blood pressure in pulses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Structure of a vein

A 
Thin wall outer layer of fibrous tissue
Thin middle layer with some muscle and very elastic tissue
Inner endothelium layer
Large lumen
Valves at intervals
Low blood pressure
Less regular shape
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Structure of a cappilary

A

Miscroscopic vessels
One cell thick walls
Reduction in pressure across the network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why do we need a circulatory system?

A

To transport materials to and from the respiring tissue

22
Q

What is a double circulatory system?

A

The blood goes through the heart twice for every full circuit of the body

23
Q

What are the two systems blood gets pumped around?

A

The pulmonary system

The systemic system

24
Q

Where does the pulmonary system pump blood from and to?

A

From the right side of the heart and to the lungs.. pumped at a low pressure so it travels through the heart slow to allow more diffusion time

25
Q

Where does the systemic system pump blood to and from?

A

From the left side and to the rest of the body.. pumped at a high pressure as it goes all around the body, the thick cardiac muscle allows this to happen

26
Q

Why do red blood cells have a biconcave shape?

A

To increase surface area/volume ratio for diffusion

27
Q

Why do red blood cells have no nucleus?

A

This allows them to carry more haemolglobin (the molecule that carries oxygen)

28
Q

What is the plasma?

A

The liquid part of the blood that transports blood cells

29
Q

What substances does the plasma carry?

A

Blood cells, glucose, amino acids, carbon dioxide, urea, heat, hormones and molecules involved in blood clotting

30
Q

What size are white blood cells in comparison to red blood cells?

A

They are larger than red blood cells but less numerous

31
Q

Do white blood cells have a nucleus?

A

Yes

32
Q

What are the two main types of white blood cells?

A

Lymphocytes

Phagocytes

33
Q

What do lymphocytes do?

A

The produce antibodies to combat infection by microbes

34
Q

What do phagocytes do?

A

They engulf and digest bacteria and other foreign material in the blood and tissue by phagocytosis

35
Q

What are platelets?

A

Cell fragments

36
Q

What are the two sides of the heart separated by?

A

A thick muscular wall called the septum

37
Q

What is the thin layer in the lumen lining that all 3 vessels have?

A

Squamous endothelial cells

38
Q

What are the atria and where does the blood come from and go to?

A

The upper chambers of the heart, they receive blood from the lungs (left atrium) or the body (right atrium) they then pump the blood into the ventricles

39
Q

What are the ventricles and where does the blood come from/go to?

A

The lower chambers of the heart and have much thicker walls.. they pump blood to the lungs (right ventricle) it around the body (left ventricle)

40
Q

What ventricle has more muscle?

A

The left ventricle as it pumps blood around the whole body

41
Q

Where are the atrioventricular valves at?

A

Between the atria and ventricles and prevent backflow of blood into the atria

42
Q

What is the atrioventricular valve called on the left side of the heart?

A

The bicuspid valve

43
Q

What is the atrioventricular valve called on the right side of the heart?

A

The tricuspid valve

44
Q

What are the atrioventricular valves anchored by?

A

Papillary muscle that are embedded in the ventricle wall

45
Q

What links the muscle and the valves?

A

Chordae tendinae… these anchor the valves and prevent them from turning inside out

46
Q

When do the semi lunar valves shut?

A

When the pressure in the arteries exceeds that in the ventricles

47
Q

What are the 4 major blood vessels?

A

The aorta
The pulmonary artery
The venae cavae
The pulmonary vein

48
Q

What sort of blood comes from the aorta and where does the aorta come out of?

A

Oxygenated blood and it comes from the left ventricle

49
Q

What sort of blood does the pulmonary artery carry and where from?

A

Deoxygenated blood and from the right ventricle to the lungs

50
Q

What sort of blood does the vena cava carry and where does it carry it from/to?

A

Brings deoxygenated blood back from the body and returns it to the right atrium

51
Q

Where does the pulmonary vein carry blood to and what sort of blood is it?

A

Transports oxygenated blood from the lungs and to the left atrium

Life And Health Science (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions