The Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is the 1st heart sound caused by?
Closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves
What is the 2nd heart sound caused by?
Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves
What is the 3rd heart sound caused by?
The rush of blood into the relaxing ventricles during early diastole
What is the 4th heart sound caused by?
Atrial systole
Mechanical events of the cardiac cycle
Ventricular filling
Isovolumetric contraction
Ejection
Isovolumetric relaxation
Main tubes of the heart
Veins
Arteries
Capillaries
What controls stroke volume?
Contractility of the ventricular cardiomyocytes
Starling’s law of the heart
Increased filling pressure of the right heart results in increased cardiac output
Role of the Aorta
Transports oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body
Role of the Superior Vena Cava
Returns deoxygenated blood from the head and arms
Role of the Pulmonary Valve
Manages blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk
Role of the Right Atrium
Recieves deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle
Role of the Inferior Vena Cava
Carries deoxygenated blood back to your heart from the lower part of your body
Role of the Right Ventricle
Accepting venous blood and propelling it to the lungs where it is oxygenated and CO2 is eliminated
Role of the Papillary Muscles
Prevent prolapsing of the AV valves
Where are the Papillary Muscles located?
Attached to the cusps of the AV valves via the chordae tendineae
Role of the Left Ventricle
Pump oxygenated blood to the body
Role of the Aortic Valve
Helps keep blood flowing in the correct direction through the heart
Role of the Mitral Valve
Regulates blood flow from the upper left chamber into the lower left chamber
Role of the Left Atrium
Recieves blood full of oxygen from the lungs and then empties the blood into the left ventricle
Role of the Pulmonary Artery
Carry blood from the heart to the lungs
What is unique about the Pulmonary Artery?
It is the only artery which carries deoxygenated blood
