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Health/Nursing > The Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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1
Q

Narrowing or stricture of duct or canal

A

Stenosis

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2
Q

Restoration of normal heart rhythm by electrical shock

A

Cardioversion

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3
Q

Area of tissue death(necrosis) caused by loss of oxygen(ischemia) as a result of obstruction of circulation to the area.

A

Infarction

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4
Q

Ways to assess the heart (2)

A

Rate(speed)/Rhythm(intervals)

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5
Q

What are the structures of the Cardiovascular System?

A

Blood vessels, heart

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6
Q

How much does the heart weight?

A

Less than 1 pound

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7
Q

What are the functions of the Cardiovascular System?

A

Transport Oxygen+Nutrients to the body, transport waste products from cells to the kidneys for excretion, distribute hormones and antibodies throughout the body, help control body temp+ maintain electrolyte balance(homeostasis)

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of circulation in the cardiovascular system?

A

Hepatic, systemic, and pulmonary circulation

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9
Q

How many chambers does the heart have?

A

4 chambers

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10
Q

What are the top chambers of the heart called?

A

Left and Right Atria
(receives incoming blood)

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11
Q

What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?

A

Left and Right Ventricles
(pump blood out of heart)

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12
Q

How many layers of tissue does the heart have?

A

3 layers

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13
Q

What is in the right atrium that acts as a pacemaker?

A

SA nodes
(Specialized sinoatrial) heart would beat about 40 times per minute without it

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14
Q

What are the 3 main types of blood vessels?

A

Arteries, Veins, Capillaries

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15
Q

What do arteries do?

A

Bring blood away from the heart

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16
Q

What do arteries do?

A

Bring blood away from the heart

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17
Q

What do veins do?

A

Bring blood back to the heart

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18
Q

What are capillaries?

A

Microscopic vessels that carry blood between arterial and venous vessels

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19
Q

What are thicker Arteries or Veins?

A

Arteries

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20
Q

Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium of the heart from the body through the what?

A

Superior and Inferior Vena Cavas

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21
Q

Blood is pumped from the heart to the body by the largest artery of the body? What it this called?

A

Aorta

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22
Q

Ways to asses the heart?

A

Measuring Blood pressure, pulse. Listening to heart sounds, biomarkers(blood work), cardiac catheter, electrocardiography.

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23
Q

Normal pulse rate for an adult?

A

60-100 beats per minute

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24
Q

NAME: Different locations to count pulse

A

Radial artery (wrist), carotid artery(throat), brachial artery(on arm; used for blood pressure), temporal(close to ear), femoral(by groin), popliteal (behind knee), pedal(foot), posterior tibial(close to foot)

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25
Q

What is a normal blood pressure?

A

120/80

26
Q

What is systolic pressure? (Systole)

A

Occurs when ventricles of heart contract; pushes blood to arteries

27
Q

What is diastolic pressure?
(diastole)

A

occurs when ventricles relax

28
Q

What does lub-dup sound result in?

A

Opening and closing of valves

29
Q

What are abnormal sounds of the heart?

A

Murmurs

30
Q

Vibration caused by an abnormal flow of blood

A

Thrill (can be felt by touching over an artery)

31
Q

What does palpate mean?

A

To feel

32
Q

What does auscultate mean?

A

To listen

33
Q

What is a healthy stolic measure?

A

Less than 120

34
Q

A procedure in which a tube is inserted through a blood vessel into heart; used to measure pressure in the chambers of the heart, view obstructions in vessels

A

Cardiac catheterization

35
Q

Naming a disorder: narrowing of blood vessels caused by deposits of fatty material containing calcium and cholesterol. Many times found in the coronary arteries of the heart. May experience chest pain, shortness of breath, fainting. . Treatment: Drug Therapy and Surgery

A

Atherosclerosis

36
Q

Naming a disorder: Area of blood vessel that bulges because of weakness in the wall. Occur mostly in the aorta. Usually no symptoms; if ruptures life threatning

A

Aneurysm

37
Q

Sound of abnormal flow is called a…

A

Bruit

38
Q

Name the disorder: Also called high blood pressure; High blood pressure can cause stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney failure

A

Hypertension

39
Q

Name the disorder: Blockage of blood vessels to the heart; buildup of fatty deposits in lining of the coronary arteries. Also called a heart attack

A

Myocardial Infarction(MI)

40
Q

Name the disorder: Usually caused by disease in another body system. Inability of the heart to pump blood adequately to meet bodies needs. Can experience shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat.

A

Congestive Heart Failure

41
Q

Name the disorder: Heart muscle and valves are damaged by a recurrent bacterial infection(strep throat).

A

Rheumatic heart disease

42
Q

Veins become enlarged and ineffective. Mostly in the legs. May experience swelling.

A

Varicose Veins

43
Q

Inflammation of a vein

A

Phlebitis

44
Q

Thrombus

A

Clot

45
Q

Is the Superior and Inferior Vena Cavae Oxygenated or Deoxgenated

A

Deoxygenated

46
Q

Right Atrium: Oxygenated or Deoxygenated

A

Deoxygenated

47
Q

Tricupside valve

A

Deoxygenated

47
Q

Tricupside valve

A

Deoxygenated

48
Q

Tricupside valve

A

Deoxygenated

48
Q

Tricupside valve

A

Deoxygenated

49
Q

Right Ventricle

A

Deoxygenated

49
Q

Pulmonary Valve

A

Deoxygenated

50
Q

Pulmonary Artery

A

Deoxygenated

51
Q

Lungs

A

Exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen

52
Q

Pulmonary Vein

A

Oxygenated

53
Q

Left Atrium

A

Oxygenated

54
Q

Mitral Valve

A

Oxygenated

55
Q

Left Ventricle

A

Oxygenated

56
Q

Aortic Valve

A

Oxygenated

57
Q

Aorta

A

Oxygenated

Health/Nursing (3 decks)

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