The Cardiac Cycle

Question 1

What causes the first and second heart sounds?

Answer 1

First heart sound is due to closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
Second heart sound is due to closure of the pulmonary and aortic valves

Question 2

Describe what happens in late diastole.

Answer 2

Both sets of chambers are relaxed and the atrium and ventricle fill passively with blood

Question 3

Describe what occurs during isovolumetric ventricular contraction and ventricular ejection.

Answer 3

As the ventricle depolarizers it contacts. This increases the ventricular pressure but the volume remains the same.
When the pressure exceeds that of the arteries then it causes the semilunar valves to open causing ejection of the blood out of the ventricles. During ejection the volume decreases but thepressure remains the same as the ventricles are contracting

Question 4

What is condition called which is due to narrowing of the valves.

Answer 4

Valvular stenosis

Question 5

What are abnormal heart sounds caused by? And what is this termed as?

Answer 5

Blood forced through a narrow valve opening
Or blood flow through a valve that hasn’t closed properly
Regurgitation