The Carbon Cycle Flashcards
What are living things made of?
Matter
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, gas, liquid
How does a substance change to another?
Changed pressure/temp.
What is the fourth state of matter?
Plasma, which only exists at extremely high temps in stars
What is matter made of?
atoms and molecules
How does carbon enter the atmosphere?
Composition and respiration
what would happen if decomposition did not happen?
piles of dead matter, no CO2 released.
What is outgassing?
When magma comes to the surface and bubbles of hot gas escape into the atmosphere after pressure is reduced.
Where did the world’s oceans originate?
Water vapor vented during volcanic eruptions
Do smaller objects in space like the moon have enough gravity to prevent gasses from escaping into space?
No.
What were earth’s earliest lifeforms?
primitive bacteria that thrived in an atmosphere with no oxygen.
What did ocean water protect early life-forms from?
destructive solar radiation
What is free oxygen?
oxygen that is not combined with other elements
What are the 4 biological macromolecules needed for life? (PLNC)
Nucleic acid, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins
What do we call the individual building blocks of bio macromolecules?
Monomer
Carbohydrates are a huge source of…
“fast” energy
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
Monosaccharide
What is an example of a lipid?
butter/fat
What makes up the structure of a lipid?
fatty acid
What is NOT a function of a lipid?
genetic info
What is the monomer of a protein?
amino acid
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
nucleotide
What is the only macromolecule to contain phosphorous atoms?
Nucleic acids
What does CHO stand for?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What are the structures of carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in order?
Cho, cho, chon, chonp
(carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous)
Which side of chemical equations are reactants written? Products?
Reactants on the left, products on the right.
Why are reactants written on the left?
they are the substances that enter the reaction.
why are products written on the right?
they are the substances that are made in the reaction.
What does (s) mean in a chemical equation?
Solid substance
What does (l) mean?
Liquid substance
What does (g) mean?
Gas substance
What does (aq) mean
Aqueous substance
What is the difference between a liquid and aqueous substance?
Liquid - liquid state
Aqueous - solution of water and another substance
