Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

History (Year 8) > The British Empire > Flashcards

The British Empire Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards World History 101 flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards
1
Q

What was the primary economic motivation behind the British Empire’s establishment in India?

A

To exploit India’s resources and establish trade routes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or False: The British East India Company was initially a military force in India.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In what year did the British formally establish control over India, marking the start of the British Raj?

A

1858

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ Rebellion of 1857 was a major, but ultimately unsuccessful, uprising against British rule.

A

Sepoy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who was the first Governor-General of India after the British Raj was established?

A

Lord Canning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name one major impact of British colonial rule on Indian agriculture.

A

Introduction of cash crops such as cotton and indigo.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was the role of the Indian National Congress when it was formed in 1885?

A

To provide a platform for political dialogue and promote Indian self-rule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following was a direct consequence of the British policies in India?

A

Famine and economic distress.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or False: The British implemented a system of direct governance in all regions of India.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was the significance of the partition of Bengal in 1905?

A

It was an attempt to divide and rule by creating religious divisions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name one key figure in the Indian independence movement.

A

Mahatma Gandhi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ of 1919 allowed the British government to suppress dissent in India.

A

Rowlatt Act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was the main goal of the Quit India Movement in 1942?

A

To demand an end to British rule in India.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Multiple choice: Which event is considered a turning point leading to the independence of India?

A

The World War II.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was the main reason for the economic exploitation of India by the British?

A

To extract wealth and resources for Britain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or False: The British introduced railways in India primarily for the benefit of Indian citizens.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In which year did India gain independence from British rule?

A

1947

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What was the impact of the British education system on Indian society?

A

It created a new class of educated Indians who sought political rights.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fill in the blank: The British used the _______ policy to maintain control over diverse Indian populations.

A

Divide and rule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who was the last Viceroy of India?

A

Lord Mountbatten

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What was the primary reason for the Great Famine of 1943 in India?

A

British wartime policies and grain requisitioning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Multiple choice: Which movement did Gandhi lead to protest British salt laws?

A

The Salt March.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

True or False: The British Empire left India with a strong industrial economy.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What were the two main religious communities that were central to the political divisions during British rule?

A

Hindus and Muslims.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ was a significant event in 1919 where British troops opened fire on Indian civilians in Amritsar.

A

Jallianwala Bagh massacre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What event marked the beginning of widespread violence between Hindus and Muslims in India after World War II?

A

The general strike called by Jinnah in August 1946

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What did the Hindu-majority Congress and the Muslim League blame each other for during the violence in 1946?

A

Congress blamed the Muslim League; the League blamed Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What was a significant factor contributing to the violence between religious groups in India according to historians?

A

Centuries of British policy that divided Indians based on religion and caste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Who was ordered to organize Indian independence and the end of British rule in March 1947?

A

Lord Mountbatten

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

On what date did Lord Mountbatten announce the proposal to divide India into two new nations?

A

3 June 1947

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What were the two new nations created from the partition of India?

A

India and Pakistan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What was the majority religion in India after the partition?

A

Hinduism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What was the majority religion in Pakistan after the partition?

A

Islam

34
Q

What did Yasmin Khan conclude about Mountbatten’s plan for partition?

A

‘Tragically unconcerned with human safety’

35
Q

Who drew the borders of the new countries during the partition of India?

A

Cyril Radcliffe

36
Q

How long did it take to draw the borders for the partition of India?

A

Five weeks

37
Q

Which region, home to a significant religious minority, was divided during the partition?

A

Punjab

38
Q

What was the third largest religious minority in Punjab at the time of partition?

A

Sikhs

39
Q

What significant geographical feature separated East and West Pakistan after partition?

A

1,700 kilometres of Hindu Indian territory

40
Q

What happened to East Pakistan in 1971?

A

It became independent as Bangladesh

41
Q

What distinction does India hold regarding the Muslim population after the partition?

A

It continued to house the largest Muslim minority in the world

42
Q

What drove the violence during Partition?

A

A combination of panic, hatred, and revenge

Communities that had lived peacefully for centuries turned on each other.

43
Q

Which cities became warzones during Partition?

A

Lahore and Kolkata

These cities were close to the new borders.

44
Q

What was Mountbatten’s order regarding the British army during the violence?

A

To stay in their barracks and only intervene to save British lives

This decision was made amid the chaos.

45
Q

How many people were estimated to be dead by the end of 1948 due to the Partition violence?

A

2 million

This figure highlights the severe human cost of the conflict.

46
Q

How many women were estimated to have been raped during the violence of Partition?

A

75,000

This statistic indicates the level of gender-based violence during this period.

47
Q

Who was assassinated by fellow Hindus due to his sympathy for Muslim refugees?

A

Gandhi

His assassination reflects the deep divisions and tensions during Partition.

48
Q

How many people were uprooted from their homes during the chaos of Partition?

A

Around 16 million

This mass displacement included Hindus fleeing to India and Muslims to Pakistan.

49
Q

What conditions did many refugees face by the end of 1947?

A

Living in unsanitary refugee camps

Approximately 3 million people were in these camps.

50
Q

What was the motivation behind the migration of Indians, Pakistanis, and Bangladeshis to Britain after 1947?

A

Fleeing violence or responding to British employers’ needs for workers

This migration was also influenced by the need to rebuild after WWII.

51
Q

What event caused Bangladeshis to migrate to Britain in the 1970s?

A

Civil war in Bangladesh

Many fled to escape further violence during this conflict.

52
Q

Did Partition solve the problems of the subcontinent?

A

No

Conflicts have continued in the region, notably in Kashmir.

53
Q

What significant conflict occurred in 1971 related to Partition?

A

East Pakistanis fought a civil war for independence as Bangladesh

This conflict was a direct consequence of the issues stemming from Partition.

54
Q

Which region continues to be a point of conflict between India and Pakistan?

A

Kashmir

Both countries claim this northern region as their own.

55
Q

Fill in the blank: The Grief is a painting by _______ that depicts man’s cruelty to man.

A

Satish Gujral

Gujral fled to India after Partition and used art to express the violence he witnessed.

56
Q

What significant event occurred in 1947 in the Indian subcontinent?

A

India and Pakistan gained independence from British rule

This independence was the result of decades of campaigning against imperial rule.

57
Q

What were the two countries formed after the partition of British India in 1947?

A

India and Pakistan

A third country, Bangladesh, would later be formed in 1971.

58
Q

What was the Indian National Congress?

A

A political party established by educated Indians to pressure the British government

It was established in 1885.

59
Q

What was the purpose of the Muslim League?

A

To represent Muslim interests in India

It was established in 1906 due to concerns that Congress was dominated by Hindus.

60
Q

How many Indians fought in the British Indian Army during the First World War?

A

More than a million

This event occurred between 1914 and 1918.

61
Q

What was the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?

A

A tragic event where hundreds were killed and thousands were injured by British troops in Amritsar

This massacre occurred in 1919 and led to increased calls for independence.

62
Q

What was the first Non-Cooperation Movement?

A

A movement led by Gandhi encouraging Indians to boycott British goods and not cooperate with British authorities

It took place from 1920 to 1922 following the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.

63
Q

Fill in the blank: The Indian Rebellion of _______ involved sepoys and civilians rebelling against British rule.

A

1857

This rebellion marked a significant early resistance to British authority.

64
Q

True or False: The impact of British rule in India ceased immediately after independence in 1947.

A

False

The effects of British rule continued to influence both India and Britain after independence.

65
Q

What role did Gandhi play in the movement for Indian independence?

A

He emerged as the leader of the Non-Cooperation Movement

His leadership began following the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.

66
Q

What demand did the Indian National Congress make in 1924?

A

Purna Swaraj - complete independence

This demand was a response to the British government’s lack of consultation with Indian political parties regarding new political reforms.

67
Q

What significant event began in 1939 affecting India?

A

The Second World War began

India declared war on Nazi Germany at the demand of the British government.

68
Q

How many Indians fought for the British during the Second World War?

A

2.5 million

The war led to significant upheaval, including a famine in Bengal.

69
Q

What was the outcome of the famine in Bengal?

A

3 million people died

The British government made limited efforts to address the famine.

70
Q

What was the Quit India Movement?

A

A movement for immediate independence led by Gandhi in 1942

It arose in response to the threat of Japanese invasion during World War II.

71
Q

What were the consequences of the Quit India Movement?

A

A wave of strikes and protests; Gandhi and Congress leaders were arrested

This movement marked a significant escalation in the struggle for independence.

72
Q

What was the significance of the Salt March led by Gandhi?

A

Protested the heavy tax on salt and collected salt illegally

This act highlighted the cruelty of British rule and garnered global support for the independence movement.

73
Q

What did the Lahore Declaration of 1940 demand?

A

A separate independent state for India’s Muslim population - Pakistan

This declaration was led by the Muslim League and Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

74
Q

What events occurred in India from 1945 to 1946?

A

Continued protests for independence; a navy mutiny in 1946

Strikes, boycotts, and rebellions spread across the country during this period.

75
Q

Who was Sarojini Naidu?

A

An Indian independence leader and poet

She was born in 1879, joined the Indian National Congress in 1904, and became party president in 1925.

76
Q

What role did Sarojini Naidu play in the independence movement?

A

Advocated for women’s rights and inclusion in the struggle for independence

She was imprisoned multiple times, including for nearly two years during World War II.

77
Q

What nickname was given to Sarojini Naidu and why?

A

‘The Nightingale of India’ due to her music-like poetry

Her poetry was celebrated, and she was a prominent figure in the independence movement.

78
Q

Fill in the blank: Sarojini Naidu was elected party president of the Indian National Congress in _______.

A

1925

She was a leading figure advocating for women’s rights in the movement.

79
Q

True or False: Sarojini Naidu studied in London and Cambridge.

A

True

She moved to Britain at the age of sixteen for her studies.

80
Q

What was the content of Sarojini Naidu’s poem recited in 1905?

A

A call for India to awaken and lead its children

The poem reflects her deep emotional connection to India’s struggle for independence.

History (Year 8) (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions