The Brainstem,Cerebellum and Meninges

Question 1

Nucleus of the spinal tract of trigeminal nerve

Answer 1

general sensation from head

Question 2

nuclei cuneatus and gracilis

Answer 2

dorsal columns:proprioception and discriminative touch

Question 3

decussation of pyramids

Answer 3

crossing of descending corticospinal tract

Question 4

pyramid-pyramidal tract-corticospinal tract

Answer 4

voluntary,discrte ,skilled movements

Question 5

spinocerebellar tracts

Answer 5

posture and movement control

Question 6

inferior olivary nucleus

Answer 6

receives afferent fibres from motor and sensory cortices of cerebral hemisphere and red nucleus of midbrain control of movement through cerebellum

Question 7

midline vermis

Answer 7

separates 2 cerebellar hemispheres

Question 8

primary fissure

Answer 8

separates cerebellar hemisphere from the flocculonodular lobe

Question 9

archicerebellum

Answer 9

maintenance of balance

Question 10

paleocerebellum

Answer 10

muscle tone and posture

Question 11

neocerebellum

Answer 11

muscle coordination,speed and force of movements

Question 12

Cerebellar lesions incoordination of :

Answer 12

upper limbs ->intention tremor
lower limbs ->cerebellar ataxia
speech ->dysarthria
eyes->nystagmus

Question 13

types of lesions

Answer 13

midline lesion-tumour=loss of postural control
unilateral lesion-symptoms on same side of the body
ipsilateral incoordination of arm and leg-=unsteady gait, in absence of weakness/senosry loss
bilateral dysfunction-slowness and slurred speech(dysarthria),unsteady fiat (cerebellar ataxia)

Question 14

Charcot’s Triad

Answer 14

• diagnostic of cerebellar disease
• combination of nystagmus (uncoordinated eyes) w/dysarthria (slurred speech) and intention tremor(uncoordinated upper limb)

Question 15

Spinal Cord

Answer 15

Cervical enlargement(C4-T1):supplies the upper limb 
Lumbar enlargement (L1-S3):supplies the lower limb