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nature vs nurture > The Brain, Psych test > Flashcards

The Brain, Psych test Flashcards

1
Q

whats psychology

A

Psychology is the scientific study of behaviours and mental processes.

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2
Q

whats psychiatry

A

Biology is the study of life and living organisms

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3
Q

behaviour

A

an observable action done by a human or animal

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4
Q

mental process

A

is the feeling thoughts inside of an individual

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5
Q

psychologist

A

6 years uni, focuses on therapy treatment,

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6
Q

psychiatry

A

11 years uni. trained as medical doctors. can diagnose and provide medical treatment as well as admit people to hospital

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7
Q

areas of psycholgy

A 
Health
  Education
  Organisational
  Sports
  Clinical neuropsychology
  Clinical
  Community
  Counselling
 Forensic
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8
Q

CNS

A

Brain is the control centre of the body and the spinal cord carries messages to and from the brain and the body

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9
Q

PNS

A

Any nerve outside of the CNS, and carries messages to and from the brain and the body’s glands, muscles and organs

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10
Q

somatatic

A

Carries messages from the senses to the brain and from the brain to the muscles. like aches and pains and smells

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11
Q

Autosomatic

A

Includes the body’s non-skeletal muscles such as the heart and performs basic bodily functions such as digestion.

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12
Q

Parasympathetic

A

calms the body down and return to base line

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13
Q

Sympathetic

A

prepare for fight or flight response

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14
Q

BRAIN

A

Central Hub for body

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15
Q

SPINAL CORD

A

connects the brain to the PNS

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16
Q

structures that protect the brain

A

meninges, skull, cerebral fluid

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17
Q

occipital lobe

A

Vision contains the primary visual cortex

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18
Q

frontal lobe

A

Decision making, expression of emotion, personality - primary motor cortex

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19
Q

temporal lobe

A

Hearing and language comprehension - primary auditory cortex

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20
Q

parietal lobe

A

Receives and interprets information about touch, temperature and the position of muscles. Contains the somatosensory cortex

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21
Q

left hemisphere

A

maths and science, language, analytical thinking

22
Q

right hemisphere

A

creativity, art and music, holistic thinking

23
Q

brocas location

A

left frontal lobe

24
Q

brocas function

A

speech production

25
Q

brocas aphasia

A

ruins the production of speech, speaking slowly and only key words

26
Q

wernickes location

A

left temporal lobe

27
Q

wernickes function

A

speech comprehension

28
Q

wernickes aphasia

A

affects the comprehension of speech. may speak regularly but add in unnecessary words

29
Q

what is a neuron

A

A nerve cell which forms complex chains and networks which form neural pathways through information continuously travels

30
Q

Dendrite

A

Receives information from other neurons and transmits it to the soma

31
Q

Soma

A

AKA the cell body, contains the nucleus, maintains the cell and ensures that is keeps functioning

32
Q

Axon

A

Carries message from the soma to the axon terminal

33
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

White, fatty substance which coats and insulate the axon, helping to speed up the message

34
Q

Axon Terminal

A

Stores and secretes neurotransmitters

35
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemical — which are used by the neurons to carry the message through the synaptic gap

36
Q

exisitory and inhibitory neurontransmitters

A

the likely and unlikelyhood for the neuron to fire an action potential

37
Q

ways brain damage can occur

A 
Stroke
  Car crash
Disease such as Alzheimer’s
  Alcohol
Bain surgery
Knock to the head
38
Q

brain plasticity / have the ability to adapt and change

A

The brain has plasticity which means it is able to change in response to change. If a neuron is damaged then the surrounding neurons are able to make new connections with other undamaged neurons forming new neural pathways.

39
Q

types of plasticity

A

Developmental

Adaptive

40
Q

plactisity process

A

Synaptogenesis, reroouting, sprouting

41
Q

Synaptogenesis

A

the formation of new connections between neurons

42
Q

rerouting

A

When a neuron that is undamaged that has lost connection seeks a connection with another neuron

43
Q

sprouting

A

growth of axon and dendrite branches to enable the neuron to make new connections.

44
Q

cerebrum

A

area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body. located above the cerebellum

45
Q

cerebellum

A

balance and coordination. located at the base of the brain

46
Q

sensory neurons

A

neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord

47
Q

motor neurons

A

neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands

48
Q

interneurons

A

neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs

49
Q

development plasticity

A

the natural changes that take place in all people’s brain as well grow older

50
Q

adaptive plasticity

A

the ability of the brain to compensate for lost function in the event of brain injury

nature vs nurture (1 decks)

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