The Brain and Cranial Nerves Flashcards
The posterior portion of the brain of the metencephalon, containing the cerebellar hemispheres;includes the arbor vitae,cerebellar nuclei, and cerebellar cortex
Cerebellum
The largest portion of the brain,composed of the cerebral hemispheres;includes the cerebral cortex,the basal nuclei,and the internal capsule
Cerebrum
The portion of the metencephalon that is anterior to the cerebellum
Pons
The most caudal of the brain regions, also called myelencecephalon
Medulla oblongata
A division of the brain that includes the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.
Diencephalon
The midbrain;the region between the diencephalon and pons
Mesencephalon
One of the four-fluid filled chambers in the brain.
Ventricles
The isolation of the CNS from the general circulation;primarily the result of astrocyte regulation of capillary permeabilities
Blood-brain barrier
The floor of the dienecephlon; the region of the brain containing centers involved with the subconscious regulation of visceral functions,emotions,drives,and he coordination of neural and endocrine functions
Hypothalamus
A pair of expanded portions of the cerebrum covered in neural cortex
Cerebellar hemispheres
Link the cerebellum with the brain stem,diencephalon, cerebrum,and spinal cord and interconnect the two cerebellar hemispheres
Cerebellar peduncles
The group of nuclei and centers in the cerebrum and diencephalon that are involved with emotional states,memories,and behavioral drives
Limbic system
A prominent fold or ridge of neural cortex on the surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres
Gyri
A groove or furrow
Sulci
An elongate groove or opening
Fissures
Regulates the patterns of breathing and vocalization needed for normal speech
Speech center
A graphic record of the electrical activities of the brain
Electroencephalogram
Carry sensory information responsible for the sense of smell
Olfactory nerves
Carry visual information from special sensory receptors in the eyes
Optic nerves
The primary source of innervation for four of the extra-ocular muscles
Oculomotor nerves
The smallest cranial nerves,innervate the superior oblique muscles of the eyes
Trochlear nerves
The largest cranial nerve,are mixed nerves with ophthalmic,maxillary,and mandibular branches
Trigeminal nerves
Innervate the lateral rectus muscles
Abducens nerves
Are mixed nerves that control muscles of the scalp and face. The provide pressure sensations over the face and receive taste information from the tongue
Facial nerves
Monitors sensations of balance, position, and movement
Vestibulocochlear nerves
Are mixed nerves that innervate the tongue and pharynx and control the action of swallowing
Glossopharyngeal nerves
Mixed nerves that are vital to autonomic control of visceral function
Vagus nerves
Provide voluntary motor control over tongue movements
Hypoglossal nerves
