The Brain

Question 1

Three sections of the brain

Answer 1

Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Brain Stem

Question 2

Where is gray matter located?

Answer 2

outer layer of the cerebrum

Question 3

What is gray matter mostly composed of?

Answer 3

neuron cell bodies

Question 4

What is fiber tracts inside the gray matter?

Answer 4

white matter

Question 5

What are examples of white matter?

Answer 5

corpus callosum connects hemispheres

Question 6

What are internal islands of gray matter?

Answer 6

basal nuclei

Question 7

Where is basal nuclei located?

Answer 7

deep inside the brain

Question 8

What does basal nuclei do?

Answer 8

sends impulses for motion

Question 9

What disease damages basal nuclei? Why is it damaged?

Answer 9

Parkinson disease, not sending out enough dopamine

Question 10

What is gyri?

Answer 10

What the ridges are called on the cerebral hemisphere surface

Question 11

What is sulci?

Answer 11

What the grooves are called on the cerebral hemisphere surface

Question 12

What are the parts of the brain stem?

Answer 12

midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

Question 13

What are pons?

Answer 13

the bulging center part of the brain stem

Question 14

What are pons mostly composed of?

Answer 14

fiber tracts

Question 15

Pons use ____ to help the control of _____.

Answer 15

nuclei; breathing

Question 16

Where is the Medulla Oblongata located?

Answer 16

lowest part of the brain stem

Question 17

What nerve is related to the Medulla Oblongata?

Answer 17

Vagus nerve

Question 18

What does the Medulla Oblongata merge into?

Answer 18

spinal cord

Question 19

What does the Medulla Oblongata contain that are important?

Answer 19

control centers

Question 20

What important control centers does the Medulla Oblongata contain?

Answer 20

Heart rate control, Blood pressure regulation, Breathing, Swallowing, Vomiting

Question 21

What is midbrain mostly composed of?

Answer 21

tracts of nerve fibers

Question 22

What are the two bulging fiber tracts in the midbrain called?

Answer 22

cerebral peduncles

Question 23

What are the four rounded protrusions in the midbrain called?

Answer 23

corpora quadrigemina

Question 24

What do the corpora quadrigemina do?

Answer 24

Reflex centers for vision and hearing

Question 25

Where is Substantia Nigra found?

Answer 25

Midbrain

Question 26

What does Reticular Formation do?

Answer 26

Diffuse mass of gray matter along the brain stem

Question 27

What does Reticular Formation control?

Answer 27

Involved in motor control of visceral organs

Question 28

What is pia mater?

Answer 28

Internal layer of meninges, Clings to the surface of the brain

Question 29

What is dura mater?

Answer 29

Double-layered external covering of the meninges

Question 30

What are the 2 layers of dura mater?

Answer 30

Periosteum and Meningeal

Question 31

What is the Arachnoid mater?

Answer 31

Middle layer of the meninges, Web-like

Question 32

What are the four parts of the meninges?

Answer 32

dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid mater and blood brain barrier

Question 33

Where is the Broca's area located?

Answer 33

cerebrum

Question 34

What is the Broca's area involved with?

Answer 34

our ability to speak, sends movements to mouth, tongue and throat so that we can move it

Question 35

What are the left and right hemispheres?

Answer 35

Cerebral Hemispheres, Include more than half of the brain mass

Question 36

Where is the frontal eye field located?

Answer 36

limbic system/ Substantia Nigra

Question 37

Where is the primary motor area located?

Answer 37

specialized areas of the cerebrum

Question 38

what does the primary motor area do?

Answer 38

sends impulses to skeletal muscles, frontal lobe, conscious thoughts

Question 39

What does the olfactory do in the cerebral area?

Answer 39

it allows the sense of smell and is located in the temporal lobe

Question 40

What does the auditory do in the cerebral area?

Answer 40

it allows hearing and is located in the temporal lobe

Question 41

what does the somatic sensory area do?

Answer 41

receives impulses from the body’s touch sensory receptors- tactile

Question 42

What does the visual do in the cerebral area?

Answer 42

it allows the sense of sight

Question 43

What is the Interpretation areas of the cerebrum involved in?

Answer 43

Speech/language, Language comprehension, and General interpretation regions

Question 44

Where is the Interpretation areas of the cerebrum located?

Answer 44

frontal lobe

Question 45

What does the the Interpretation areas of the cerebrum do?

Answer 45

takes incoming information and puts it into context/ puts it together

Question 46

Where is the gustatory located and what does it do?

Answer 46

Located in the lower part of the parietal, it allows taste

Question 47

What are the four lobes of the cerebrum?

Answer 47

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal

Question 48

what does the cerebellum consist of?

Answer 48

Two hemispheres with convoluted surfaces

Question 49

What does the cerebellum do?

Answer 49

coordinated muscular activities and allows you to sense where your body is

Question 50

What is the lateral sulcus?

Answer 50

a deep fissure in each hemisphere that separates the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal lobe.

Question 51

Where is the lateral sulcus located?

Answer 51

lateral surface of the brain

Question 52

Where is the central sulcus located?

Answer 52

the middle of the lateral surface of the brain

Question 53

What is the central sulcus?

Answer 53

boundary between the frontal and parietal lobes

Question 54

What is the Longitudinal fissure

Answer 54

it is the deep grooves that separate the cerebral hemispheres

Question 55

What is the functions of the Frontal association area?

Answer 55

responsible for functions such as perception, decision-making as well as controlling thoughts.

Question 56

What does the Premotor area do?

Answer 56

it plans and organizes movements

Question 57

What does the Wernicke’s area do?

Answer 57

it is involved in comprehension and speech.

Question 58

What is the function of the Diencephalon?

Answer 58

it is a relay and processing center for automatic control and sensory information.

Question 59

What are the three parts of the Diencephalon?

Answer 59

thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus

Question 60

What does the thalamus do?

Answer 60

Transfers impulses to the correct part of the cortex for localization and interpretation, nerves loops through this first before the cerebrum

Question 61

What does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 61

Important autonomic nervous system center (controls pituitary gland), Helps regulate body temperature, Controls water balance, Regulates metabolism, thirst and hunger (basic survival needs)

Question 62

What does the epithalamus do?

Answer 62

Houses the pineal body (an endocrine gland) Includes the choroid plexus – forms cerebro-spinal fluid secretes melatonin

Question 63

Where is the pituitary gland attached to?

Answer 63

the hypothalamus

Question 64

Where is the pineal body housed?

Answer 64

epithalamus

Question 65

What is the mammillary gland function?

Answer 65

It is involved with memory

Question 66

What does the Optic chiasm do?

Answer 66

allows both eyes to see the same things at the same time

Question 67

What does the brain stem attach to?

Answer 67

spinal cord

Question 68

what are the three parts of the brain stem?

Answer 68

Midbrain, Pons, Medulla oblongata

Question 69

What does the Reticular formation do?

Answer 69

it is involved with sleep/ consciousness/ alertness

Question 70

What is the function of Choroid plexuses?

Answer 70

to produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 71

What is the primary function of the four ventricles?

Answer 71

They are filled with CFS which help to protect the brain and transfer nutrients and waste

Question 72

What is the Cerebral aqueduct?

Answer 72

a small space that allows CFS to flow from the third ventricle to the fourth

Question 73

What do the Lateral ventricles do?

Answer 73

they contain CFS which help to protect the brain