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Ch 16 The Brain > The Brain > Flashcards

The Brain Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

Ventricles

A

Are spaces in the brain

Cavities filled with CSF

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2
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Relay information information to thalamus and brain stem

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3
Q

Pons

A

Relays information to cerebellum and thalamus

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4
Q

Mesencephalon

A

Visual and auditory. Reflexive motor

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5
Q

Diencephalon

A
  • Epithalamus > pineal gland located
  • thalamus
  • hypothalamus

• third ventricle

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6
Q

Brain development

3 week > 6 weeks

A

1) prosencephalon > telencephalon > cerebrum > lateral ventricle
Prosencephalon > diencephalon > third ventricle

2) mesencephalon > midbrain > cerebral aqueduct

3) rhombencephalon > metencephalon > cerebellum and pons > fourth ventricle
Rhombencephalon > myelencephalon > medulla oblongata

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7
Q

Cerebellum

A
  • small brain
  • coordinates somatic motor function
  • balance
  • muscles
  • layers just like brain
  • right / left hemisphere divided by vermis
  • control motor activity
  • subconscious coordination of movement

3 main layers
• molecular layer- outermost contain dendrites of purkinje cells
• purkinje cell layer- contains cell body of purkinje cells
• granule cell layer- innermost layer. Contain granule cells and axons of purkinje cells

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8
Q

Thalamus

A
  • All information arrives and relays sensory information to cerebrum
  • formed by walls of 3rd ventricle
  • right/left thalamus separated by interthalamic adhesion
  • egg shaped structure
  • 95% of sensory information passes to cerebrum
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9
Q

Hypothalamus

A
  • controls emotion
  • limbic system
  • controls autonomic functions
  • sets appetite drive (thirst, hunger, sexual desire) and behavior
  • blood pressure and heart rate
  • secretes hormones
  • form floor of 3rd ventricles
  • infundibulum > connects to pituitary gland
  • mammillary bodies > located posterior walls
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10
Q

Cerebrum

A
  • conscious thought process
  • memory
  • intellectual functions
  • control conscious skeletal muscle contractions
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11
Q

2 lateral ventricles

A

Right and left.

No communication between them

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12
Q

Septum pellucidum

A
  • separate the lateral ventricles

* no communication at all allowed

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13
Q

Third ventricle

A

In diencephalon

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14
Q

Fourth ventricle

A

In pons and medulla oblongata

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15
Q

Aqueduct of midbrain

A

Separates the third and fourth ventricles

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16
Q

Interventricular foramen

A
  • Right/ left lateral ventricles make this hole

* third ventricle connects to lateral ventricles

17
Q

Cranial meninges

A
  • dura mater- outermost ( endosteal layer)
  • arachnoid mater- middle
  • pia mater- innermost
18
Q

Folds of meninges

A
  • Falx Cerebri
  • tentorium cerebelli
  • Falx cerebelli
19
Q

Falx Cerebri

A
  • extend into longitudinal fissure
  • contains sinus that supply blood to brain
  • superior sagittal sinus
  • inferior sagittal sinus
20
Q

Tentorium Cerebelli

A
  • covers cerebellum
  • separates cerebellar hemisphere from cerebral hemisphere

• transverse sinus

21
Q

Falx Cerebelli

A
  • posterior
  • extend from tentorium cerebelli
  • separates cerebellar hemisphere

• occipital sinus

22
Q

Diaphragma sellae

A
  • penetrates inside sella turcica of sphenoid, holds pituitary gland, which releases hormones
  • must be very protected
23
Q

Blood brain barrier

BBB

A

Endothelial cells.

Tight functions. Few things to pass through it.

24
Q

Portion of the brain with no right junctions

A
  • hypothalamus
  • pineal gland
  • 3rd ventricle
  • 4th ventricle

** all have choroid plexus. Nutrients and waste products go through

25
Q

Ependymal cells in CNS

A
  • Spaces between them interstitial fluid in thalamus.
  • in tight junctions cells are tight, nothing getting in

• produce CSF

26
Q

CSF

A
  • Circulate in choroid plexuses
  • all around brain and spinal cord
  • passes central canal
27
Q

Epithalamus

A
  • 3rd ventricle located

* pineal gland located.

28
Q

Pineal gland

A
  • produces melatonin

* regulates day/night cycle

Ch 16 The Brain (1 decks)

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