The Brain Flashcards
What is gray matter and where can it be found?
Very external and in the brain groove
Cell bodies
What is white matter and where can it be found?
Inner brain
Myelinated axons
What are the four main parts of the brain?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Diencepholon
Brain stem
What is another word for the brain stem?
Medulla oblongata
When looking at the cerebrum, what are two indicators that neurosurgeons use to identify where they are at in the brain
Longitudinal Fissure
Transverse fissure
What are the two main fissures in the brain?
Longitudinal
Transverse
Where can you find the longitudinal fissure
In between both sides of the brain
Sagittal cut
Where can you find the transverse fissure
Separating the cerebrum from the cerebral
What is the name of the ridges making up the brain?
Gyrus
What are the two main gyrus points of the brain?
Precentral
Postcentral
What are the shallow grooves in the brain?
Sulcus
What are the two main sulcus in the brain?
Central
Lateral
How would you identify the central sulcus?
It is the main coronal cut in he brain
What does the lateral circus separate?
The frontal lobe and parietal lobs from the temporal lobe
Compared to the central sulcus which side would you find each gyrus on the brain?
Precentral gyrus would be more interior
Post central gyrus would be slightly anterior of the central sulcus
What are the four main lobes of the brain?
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
What part of the brain takes up a majority of the gray and white matter
Cerebrum
What are the few things you can find in the cerebrum?
Cerebral cortex
cerebral white matter
Basil nuclei
Septum pellucidum
When looking at the brain, how can you identify the cerebral cortex?
The outermost part of the brain
Is the cerebral cortex white or gray matter?
Gray matter
When looking at the brain, how can you determine and find the cerebral white matter?
What is in the cerebral white matter?
It is the deeper part of the cerebral cortex where you can find the
Corpus Callosum
Fornix
When looking at the brain, how can you identify the corpus callosum and the fornix
The corpus callosum is a dense curve in the cerebrum
Fornix attaches to the corpus callosum slightly underneath
When looking at the cerebrum within the cerebral cortex, how can you identify the septum pellucidum
It is in between the corpus callosum and the Fornix
Deeper within the cerebral cortex, what can you find?
Basil nuclei
When looking at the brain, how can you identify the diencephalon
It is a small round part of the brain that looks like an egg
What can you find in the diencepholon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
Pituitary gland
What is inside the thalamus
Intermediate mass
What separates and goes right in between both intermediate masses in the thalamus
Right below the thalamus is the
Hypothalamus
What is found in the hypothalamus?
Mammillary bodies
Where can you identify the mammary bodies?
They say closest to the brain stem posterior to the pituitary
Where can you find the third ventricle?
Around the thalamus and intermediate mass
What is the piece that the pituitary gland hangs off of?
Infundibulum
Breakdown how and where the pituitary gland is found in the brain
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Infundibulum
Pituitary gland
Where is the epithalamus located?
Posterior end of the diemcephalon
What can you find in the epithalamus?
Penal gland
What can you find in the brain stem?
Midbrain
Ponds
Medulla oblongata
How can you identify the medulla oblongata?
Starting of the brain stem
What is the bulge on the brain stem connected to the medulla oblongata?
Pons
What can you find in the midbrain?
Cerebral penduncles
Corpora quadridgemina
How can you identify the corpora quadridgemina when looking at the brain
They are right above the penile gland
And they are two little bumps side to side or four little bumps in a square
How can you identify the cerebral peduncles
Interior structure to hold up the brain
In what order do the ventricles of the brain go?
Lateral ventricle
Third ventricle
Cerebral aqueduct
Fourth ventricle
When looking at the cerebellum, what does it look like?
A tree
What is the tree looking structure called?
Arbor vitae
What is another name for the cerebellum?
Tree of life
