The Bony Rib Cage and Sternum

Question 1

General roles of Trunk

Answer 1

• muscle attachment
  
  • rough areas
• containment
  
  • spaces
• movement
  
  • smooth areas

Question 2

Major reference point of trunk

Answer 2

vetebrae

Question 3

What cavities make up the Axial Cavities

Answer 3

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• Anterior cavity
  
  • thoracic
  • abdominopelvic
• Posterior cavity
  
  • cranial
  • spinal

Question 4

What seperates the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities?

Answer 4

• Diaphragm seperates Thoracic and Abdominopelvic
• Pelvic brim seperates Abdominal and Pelvic cavities

Question 5

What seperates the Cranial and Spinal Cavities?

Answer 5

Foramen Magnum

Question 6

Boundaries of the trunk?

Answer 6

• Thoracic walls
• Abdominal walls
• Superior Thoracic aperture
• Inferior Pelvic aperture

Question 7

What are the bony features of the thorax?

Answer 7

• Bony features
  
  • Sternum
  • 12 pairs ribs
  • 12 thoracic vertebrae

Question 8

Cartilagenous components of Thorax

Answer 8

• Hyaline cartilage
  
  • contributes elasticity and flexibility
• Costal cartilage
  
  • anterior ends of 1-12
• Costal margin
  
  • formed by costal cartilages of 7-10

Question 9

Superior thoracic aperture

Answer 9

• Oblique
• Points down anteriorly

Question 10

What binds the superior thoracic aperture

Answer 10

• posteriorly by T1
• laterally by medial border of 1st rib
• anteriorly by costal cartilage of 1st rib
• anteriorly by superior border of sternum

Question 11

Passage at superior thoracic aperture

Answer 11

• Trachea
• esophagus
• nerves
  
  • vagus
• blood vessels
  
  • subclavian
  • carotid

Question 12

Inferior thoracic aperture

Answer 12

• Oblique
• Larger
• Points down posteriorly

Question 13

boundaries of inferior thoracic aperture

Answer 13

• posteriorly by T12
• post/lat by inferior border of rib 12
• post/lat by tip of rib 11
• ant/lat by costal margin
• anteriorly by xiphoid process of sternum

Question 14

What structures pass through diaphragm?

Answer 14

• Inferior vena canva at T8
• Esophargus at T10
• Descending aorta at T12
• Nerves
• Lymphatics

Question 15

The Sternum

Answer 15

• 3 parts
  
  • Manubrium
  • body
  • Xyphoid

Question 16

Ossification of sternum

Answer 16

• flat bone
• Segmental endochondral ossification
• ossified from 6 ossification centres
  
  • 1 for manubrium
  • 4 for body
  • 1 for xiphoid process

Question 17

superior indentation of manubrium

Answer 17

Supracostal notch

Question 18

lateral indentations of manubrium

Answer 18

• clavicular notches
  
  • facet (smooth) for clavicle
• costal notches
  
  • 1st is cartilaginous (rough) for rib1
  • 2nd is synovial (smooth) for rib2