The Bohr Model Flashcards
What is an electron?
very small particles that are the same in all atoms
Explain the photoelectric effect
some charged objects, such as plates made out of certain metals, lose their charge more readily when exposed to light with short wavelengths, such as ultraviolet light or visible light
energy of the charged particles that are lost is directly proportional to?
the frequency of the light waves
What must light be emitted by? Why?
A stream of particles (photons) so it exhibits particle-like and wave-lie behavior.
What does the original Bohr model show?
electrons circled the nucleus in fixed energy ranges called orbits.
What four orbitals make up electron clouds?
s, p, d, f
What is the maximum number of electrons each orbital can hold?
2 electrons
What does electron configuration show?
how the electrons are arranged around the nucleus of each atom in its ground state.
As the number of shell the shell increases, what also increases?
the energy of that level
What does the shape of an atomic orbital describe?
regions in space where electrons are most likely to be located
Do subshells with lower principal quantum numbers have more or less energy than subshells with higher numbers?
More energy
What is the effect of electrons filling the orbitals with the lowest energy first?
electron shells do not fill completely in sequence
How do you write the shorthand version of an electron configuration?
use a periodic table to find the noble gas that immediately precedes the element of interest, write the chemical symbol of this noble gas in brackets, and then only write the portion of the electron configuration that follows the configuration of the noble gas
Which energy orbit is closest to the nucleus in the Bohr model?
The lowest energy orbit
How do you draw a Bohr model diagram?
Draw a circle for the nucleus. Inside the nucleus, write the number of protons. Then, write the number of neutrons. If the mass number of the specific atom is not known, it is possible to approximate the number of neutrons by rounding the element’s average atomic mass to the nearest whole number and then subtracting the number of protons from it.
If the atom is neutral, the number of electrons equals the number of protons. Draw the electrons as dots on rings circling the nucleus, but remember the first ring can only hold two electrons and the second ring can only hold eight electrons.
