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Anatomy & Physiology II > The Blood, Heart, Blood Vessels & Circulation > Flashcards

The Blood, Heart, Blood Vessels & Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

The right atrium receives blood from?

A

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

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2
Q

Thickest chamber of the heart?

A

Left ventricle

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3
Q

Left atrium receives blood from?

A

Lungs (pulmonary veins)

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4
Q

Tricuscpid (right AV valve) is connected to

A

chordae tendinae (connected to papillary muscles)

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5
Q

Trabeculae Carneae

A

ridges formed by raised bundles of cardiac muscle fiber

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6
Q

Anterior surface of the heart that increases its filling capacity

A

Auricles

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7
Q

aortic (semilunar valve) goes to

A

ascending aorta (system)

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8
Q

Rt. ventricle pumps blood to

A

Lungs

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9
Q

Lt. ventricle pumps blood to

A

rest of the body

  • works harder to maintain = blood flow as rt. ventricle
  • thickest chamber of the heart
  • increased distance, pressure, resistance
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10
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of the heart (decreased blood flow)

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11
Q

systemic circuit

A
  • LEFT SIDE OF THE HEART
  • RECEIVE BLOOD FROM LUNGS
  • EJECT BLOOD INTO THE AORTA
  • SYSTEMIC ARTERIES/ARTERIOLES
  • GAS/NUTRIENT EXCHANGE IN SYSTEMIC CAPILLARIES
  • SYSTEMIC VENULES AND VEINS BACK TO THE RIGHT ATRIUM
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12
Q

PULMONARY CIRCUIT

A
  • RIGHT SIDE OF THE HEART
  • REJECTS BLOOD FROM SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
  • EJECTS BLOOD INTO PULMONARY TRUNK THEN PULMONARY ARTERIES (LUNGS)
  • GAS/NUTRIENT EXHANGE IN PULMONARY CAPILLARIES
  • PULMONARY VEINS BACK TO LEFT ATRIUM
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13
Q

coronary arteries branch from?

A

ascending aorta

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14
Q

coronary veins collect in?

A

coronary sinus

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15
Q

Lubb

A

(AV valves closed)

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16
Q

Dupp

A

(semilunar valves closed)

17
Q

right ventricle CHF

A

peripheral edema

18
Q

loss of pumping efficiency of the heart

A

CHF

19
Q

left ventricle CHF

A

pulmonary edema

20
Q

coarctation of the aorta

A

segment of the aorta is too narrow!

21
Q

Fetal circulation remnants

A

Foramen Ovale-> Fossa Ovalis

22
Q

Fetal circulation remnants

A

Foramen Ovale-> Fossa Ovalis

23
Q

(TOF) tetralogy of fallot

A

“blue baby”: decreased blood flow to the lungs

24
Q

what hormones increase heart rate/contractility?

A

(E) and (NE)

Thyroid hormones

25
Q

Elevated levels of K+/Na+

A

decrease the force of contraction

26
Q

Elevated levels of Ca+

A

speed the heart rate and strengthens the heartbeat

27
Q

Ends of fibers connected by?

A

intercalated discs

28
Q

conduction system of the heart

A
  1. (SA) node- rt. atrial wall
  2. (AV) node- rt. interatrial septum
  3. (AV) bundle (Bundle of His)
  4. RT/LT BB- interventricular septum towards apex
  5. Purkinje fibers (AP conducted to ventricular myocardium)- ventricles contract
29
Q

CO= HR x SV

A

CO= volume of blood ejected from left/right ventricle into aorta or (pulmonary trunk) each minute (ml/min.)

SV= amount of blood ejected from lt/rt ventricle each contraction (ml/beat)

HR= # of heart beats per min (60-100)

30
Q

3 factors that ensure that the left and right ventricles pump equal volumes of blood

A

Preload- this is the degree of STRETCH BEFORE the heart contracts
Greater preload increases the force of contraction

Contractility: Strength of contraction at any given preload

Afterload- pressure that MUST be overcome before a semilunar valve can open
- hypertension and atherosclerosis increase after load

31
Q

Frank-Starling Law of the Heart

A

the more the heart fills with blood during DIASTOLE, the greater the force of contraction during SYSTOLE

32
Q

CARDIAC RESERVE

A

DIFFERENCE BT. MAXIMUM CO AND CO AT REST

33
Q

+ inotropic agents

A

Increase contractility (E), (NE), digitalis

34
Q
  • inotropic agents
A

decrease contractility

  • Ca+ channel blockers
  • Inhibition of (SNS)
35
Q

dense CT that forms a structural foundation

A

fibrous skeleton

Anatomy & Physiology II (1 decks)

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