The Black Panther Party Flashcards

1
Q

Who founded the BP party?

A

Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton

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2
Q

What was the BPP beliefs/ demands?

A

demands:
- black communities should exercise their Second Amendment rights.
- community control of institutions
- full employment
- decent housing and education
- exemptions from military service for black men
- freedom from prison to all black men
- end to racial violence and police brutality
beliefs:
-black men should not be fighting a war to ‘defend a racist government who does not protect us’
- believed white juries were unfit to judge a black man who was accused due to lack of understanding.
- AA had the right to reject a govt. that was not acting within their interests.
- black nationalism
- self defence (carry a gun)

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3
Q

what was the BPP’s public appeal?

A
  • black men in prison
  • the black population of Oakland (high imprisonment)
  • young black men
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4
Q

What was patrolling the police/ pigs?

A
  • monitored the police at a distance
  • took advantage of a state law that allowed them to carry loaded weapons in public
  • anytime they witnessed an arrest they would observe and read relevant sections
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5
Q

What happened in relation to carrying armed weapons in the 1960s?

A
  • Donald Mulford proposed to make the carrying of weapons in California illegal.
  • this prompted the BPP to protest inside the California State Capitol building where politicians were debating the bill
  • this brought about national and international attention to the BBP
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6
Q

What was the ‘Free Huey’ campaign?

A
  • 28th Oct 1967: Oackland police officer (John Frey) was killed in an incident involving Huey P.Newton who was also wounded at the scene - N was charged with murder and the death penalty (triggered the campaign).
  • the BPP organised parades, rallies, and protests outside the courthouse and insured that supporters were always present inside the courtroom.
  • the campaign was to elevate Newton as a symbol of everything the Black Panther Party stood for, creating something of a living martyr.
  • by the end of the campaign the party contained thousands of members and many more supporters
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7
Q

What was ‘black first’ policy?

A
  • advocated by Stokley Carmichael which warned against entering partnerships with white political organisations.
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8
Q

What coalition did the BPP benefit from and how?

A
  • Peace and Freedom Party (opposed the Vietnam War and was supported by thousands of white radicals)
  • gained more support/ members.
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9
Q

What was the ‘free Breakfast Program’?

A
  • the program began in Jan 1969
  • a community service program run by the Black Panther Party that focused on providing free breakfast for children before school.
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10
Q

what was the aftermath of the BPP?

A
  • it had been subjected to intense FBI counter intelligence activities (infiltration, distribution of falsified documents and surveillance)
  • it was focusing more on social programmes and de-emphasising armed struggle.
  • moved towards engagement with the local political system
  • by the 1980s the BPP was effectively dead.
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11
Q

The positive impact of the BPP?

A
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12
Q

The negative impact of the BPP?

A
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