The Biosphere (Chpt 3) Flashcards
1
Q
Def of Ecology?
A
- the study of interactions among organisms & organisms and their environment
2
Q
What are the Ecological Methods?
A
(OEM) - 1. observing, 2. experimenting, 3. modeling
3
Q
What is the complexity chart?
A
- Animal, Plant, Fungi, Protista, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria
4
Q
What are the ecological interactions?
A
- Competition, Predation, Symbiosis
–Commensalism, Mutualism, Parasitism
5
Q
Mutualism vs Parasitism vs Commensalism
A
- Mutualism: when both species benefit from each other
- Parasitism: when one benefits and one is harmed (Ectoparasites, Endoparasites)
- Commensalism: when one benefits and the other is unaffected
6
Q
Ectoparasites vs Endoparasites
A
- Ectoparasites: organism lives on the body to harm the other organism
- Endoparasites: organism lives inside the body to harm the other organism
7
Q
Def of Microbiome?
A
- diverse community formed by microorganisms
8
Q
Def of Pathogenic Bacteria?
A
- harmful bacteria that causes diseases and infections
9
Q
Def of Probiotics?
A
- living microscopic organisms that benefit our health
10
Q
Autotrophs vs Heterotrophs?
A
- Autotrophs: organisms who use energy from environment to fuel themselves (Producers)
- Heterotrophs: organisms that acquire energy from other organisms (Consumers)
11
Q
Types of Autotrophs? Types of Heterotrophs?
A
- types of autotrophs:
photoautotrophs: use photosynthesis for energy
chemoautotrophs: use chemosynthesis for energy, use energy within chemical bonds to produce carbohydrates - types of heterotrophs:
herbivores: only plants
carnivores: only animals
omnivores: plants and animalsdetrivores: eat dead matter
12
Q
Population vs Community?
A
- organisms in the same species in an area vs organisms of various species in same area
13
Q
What is the Competitive Exclusive Principle?
A
- no 2 species could occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time (because overtime, one will dominate)
14
Q
Abiotic vs Biotic factors?
A
- Abiotic: nonliving factors in environment; EX: climate, temperature, soil type, ect
- Biotic: living factors in environment; EX: birds, trees, bacteria
15
Q
Food chain vs Food web?
A
- food chain is single linear way of energy flow by being eaten and eating
- food web is interconnected food chains, network of complex interactions
