The Behaviorist Approach

Question 1

The behaviourist approach

Answer 1

A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable and learnt

Question 2

Assumptions of behaviorism

Answer 2

1. Behaviourism is concerned with observable and measurable behaviour
2. Psychology is a science
3. When we are born out mind is a blank slate - tabula rasa
4. There is little difference between humans and animals in learning
5. Behaviour is a result of stimulus - response

Question 3

Classical conditioning

Answer 3

Learning by association - when an unconditioned stimulus and neutral stimulus are paired

Question 4

Pavlov

Answer 4

Studied classical conditioning, used dogs to investigate the relationship between learning and behaviour

Question 5

Operant conditioning

Answer 5

A way of learning when behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences

Question 6

Types of reinforcment

Answer 6

Positive,negative and punishment

Question 7

Skinner 1953

Answer 7

Used rats and pigeons to suggest that we learn through reinforcment and consequences

Question 8

Social learning theory

Answer 8

Social behaviour is learnt by observing and imitating the behaviour of others

Question 9

Imitation

Answer 9

The way that an individual copies the behaviour of a role model

Question 10

Identification

Answer 10

Change in public an private beliefs in the presence of a group

Question 11

Modelling

Answer 11

People are likely to imitate a role model if they identify with them. Modelling occurs when the observer identifies with the role model

Question 12

Vicarious reinforcement

Answer 12

Learning through the observation of consequences for others

Question 13

Meditational processes

Answer 13

The thought process prior to imitation. Occurs between observing behaviour and imitating it ‹ARMM‹

Question 14

Banduras research

Answer 14

To demonstrate if children witnessed aggressive behaviour of an adult they would imitate it when given the opportunity