The Beginnings of Philosophy (pt 3)

Question 1

What Philosopher sought to find the unity among the diversity of the four elements?

What did he come up with?

Answer 1

1. Anaximander
2. The fifth essence
3. Called the apeiron

Question 2

What is the fifth essence (the apeiron) according to Anaximander?

Answer 2

1. Boundless (Infinite)
2. Ageless (Eternal)
3. Material that brings unity to the diversity

Question 3

Who is Anaximenes?

What did he believe about ultimate reality? Why did he believe this?

Answer 3

1. Student of Anaximander
2. Ultimate reality is Air
3. essential to life, self-movement, different states (rarefaction and condensation)

Question 4

Who was Zeno?

Answer 4

1. Pre-Socratic skeptic
2. Set out to prove that the senses deal only with appearances and not with reality
3. Developed four paradoxes

Question 5

What did Democritus believe ultimate reality was made up of?

Answer 5

1. atoms
2. Smallest indivisible particle