The Baroque Era of Music Flashcards
What are the approximate dates of the baroque era of music?
1600-1750
List five representative composers of the baroque era.
J.S. Bach, G.F. Handel, Antonio Vivaldi, George Phillippe. Telemann, Torelli, Henry Purcell, Domenico Scarlatti, Jean-Philippe Ramea
What were the forerunners of the opera?
1) Music within spoken drama (incidental music and intermezzo)
2) Commedia dell arte- a type of improvised comedy.
3) Dramatic scenes within polyphonic madrigal cycles, in the late 16th century.
4) Pastoral Plays
5) Monody (Vocal compositions in a lyrical and declamatory style)
Top operas of the baroque era?
Jacopo Peri (1561–1633). Euridice (1600).[1]
Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643) is generally regarded as the first major opera composer.] In Orfeo (1607) he blended Peri’s experiments in opera with the lavish spectacle of the intermedi.
Francesco Cavalli (1602–1676) was a major force in spreading opera throughout Italy and also helped introduce it to France. His Giasone was “ the most popular opera of the 17th century”.
Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632–1687). In close collaboration with the librettist Philippe Quinault, Lully founded the tradition of tragédie en musique,[5] combining singing, dance and visual spectacle, which would remain the most prestigious French operatic genre for almost a hundred years.
Henry Purcell (1659–1695). Purcell was the first English operatic composer of significance. His masterwork is Dido and Aeneas.[6]
List types of baroque instrumental music.
1) Ricercare/Fantasia (early baroque)- imitative counterpoint
2) Canzona (Sonata)- one or two soloist with continuo
3) Dance Music- Independent movements, a part of dances, and suites (Allemande-Courante-Sarabande; Allemande-Courante-Sarabande-Gigue)
4) Improvisatory-like (Tocata, Prelude, Fantasia)
What were the types of vocal music in the mature section of the baroque era.
1) Italian & French Opera
2) French, German, Italian, and English Theatrical Music
3) Solo Songs
4) Church Music and Oratorio
What were the types of instrumental music in the mature section of the baroque era.
Organ: Tocatta, Prelude, Fantasia, Fugue, Accompaniment for Vocal music, Compositions for Catholic Worship
String Keyboard Music: Suites, Variations, Sonatas
What were the types of music for large Ensembles during the baroque era?
1) Orchestral Suites
2) Instrumental Concertos
What are the name of baroque compositions usually with a sacred text that was written for solo vocalist, a choir, and an instrumental ensemble?
1) Cantatas- A cantata (literally “sung”, derived from the Italian word “cantare”) is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir.
2) Passions- are on the musical compositions (oratorios) reflecting on Christ’s Passion – the physical, spiritual and mental suffering of Jesus from the hours prior to his trial through to his crucifixion.
3) Oratorios- An oratorio is a large musical composition for orchestra, choir, and soloists. Like an opera, an oratorio includes the use of a choir, soloists, an ensemble, various distinguishable characters, and arias. However, opera is musical theatre, while oratorio is strictly a concert piece—though oratorios are sometimes staged as operas, and operas are sometimes presented in concert form. In an oratorio there is generally little or no interaction between the characters, and no props or elaborate costumes.
