The balance between defence and attack

Question 1

Aetiology of foot and mouth disease

Answer 1

Virus in picornaviridae family - genus Aphthovirus

Non-enveloped

Infects epithelial cells causing a lytic infection

Question 2

Which animals are susceptible to foot and mouth disease

Answer 2

Cloved hoof species

Question 3

What does foot and mouth disease cause

Answer 3

Loos of protective epithelium in the mouth - ulceration

Painful, drooling, loss of appetite

Question 4

Pathogens needed in atrophic rhinitis

Answer 4

Bordatella bronchiseptica

Pasteurella multocida

Question 5

Pathogenesis of atrophic rhinitis

Answer 5

Degeneration and necrosis of osteoblasts, accelerated osteoclastic osteolysis and initial osteoclastic stimulation

Replacement of the bony core of nasal conchae by fibrous tissue

Loss of turbinate bones, shortening/twisting of the snout

Loss of URT defences so susceptible to LRT infections

Question 6

Identified aetiological agents in infectious canine bronchitis (kennel cough)

Answer 6

Bordatella bronchiseptica

Canine adenovirus type 2

Canine parainfluenza

Canine respiratory coronavirus

Canine mycoplasmas

Question 7

Types of FIP

Answer 7

‘Wet’ form: protein rich effusions

‘Dry’ form: (pyo)granulomas forming

Question 8

Aetiology of FIP

Answer 8

Mutation of feline enteric coronavirus

Induces an immune response which does not clear the infection

Antigen and antibody circulating gives a type III hypersensitivty reaction in blood vessels

Question 9

Aetiology of Post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in pigs

Answer 9

PCV type 2 (a new subtype)

Question 10

Signs of post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome

Answer 10

Post weaning mortality

Wasting

Enlarged lymph nodes

Anaemia

Enteritis

Hepatitis

Pulmonary changes