The Back Flashcards
Which muscles form the erector spinae group?
- Longissimus
- Iliocostalis
- Spinalis
Which muscles form the interspinalis group?
- Semispinalis
- Multifidus
- Rotatores
- Levatores
What are the vessels contained within the suboccipital triangle?
- Vertebral artery
- Posterior arch of C1
- Suboccipital nerve
What are the boundary muscles of the suboccipital triangle, as well as their attachments?
- Rectus capitis major (spinous process of C2 to occipital bone)
- Superior oblique (transverse process of C1 to occipital bone)
- Inferior oblique (posterior tubercle of C2 to to transverse process of C1)
What is the function of the latissimus dorsi?
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus.
What is the function of the levator scapulae?
Elevates scapula medially; inferiorly rotates glenoid cavity
What is the function of the rhomboids?
Fix scapula to the thoracic wall and and rotate it to depress the glenoid cavity.
Where do the rhomboids insert?
Medial border of scapula (minor attaches at spine of scapula and major attaches below spine of scapula)
What is the function of the semispinalis and what is it innervated by?
Function- extends head and neck and rotates them to opposite side
Innervation- dorsal rami of spinal nerves
What are the serratus posterior muscles involved with?
Inspiration (superior elevates ribs and inferior depresses ribs)
What is the function of the trapezius?
Elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula; lower fibers depress scapula
Describe the insertion of the trapezius and why it is unique.
It has a broad insertion (anterior and posterior). Its insertion includes the lateral third of the clavicle, the medial side of the acromion, and the upper tubercle and crest of the scapular spine.
What innervates the splenius muscles?
The dorsal rami of lower and middle cervical nerves.
