The Atom: Radioactivity Flashcards

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1
Q

Radioactive

A

Atoms that decay and produce radioactive matter

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2
Q

Types of radiation

A

Alpha, gamma and beta

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3
Q

Geiger counter

A

Measure the radioactivity

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4
Q

Radionuclide

A

Radioactive isotope

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5
Q

Carbon dating

A

Measuring the decay of carbon-14 to tell the age of objects

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6
Q

When does alpha radiation usually occur?

A

Alpha radiation usually occurs when the atom is unstable because they are too big

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7
Q

Alpha radiation

A

Radiation that releases 2 protons and 2 neutrons

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8
Q

When does beta radiation usually occur?

A

Bet radiation usually occurs when the atom is unstable because the ratio of neutron and proton is unequal

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9
Q

Beta radiation

A

Radiation that breaks a neutron into an electron and proton and ejects the electron

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10
Q

When does gamma rays usually occur?

A

Gamma rays usually occurs after radiation and when the atom is still excited

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11
Q

Charge of alpha particples

A

+(2)

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12
Q

Charge of beta particples

A

-(1)

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13
Q

Charge of gamma rays

A

0

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14
Q

Penetration of alpha particples relative to the others

A

Weak

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15
Q

Penetration of beta particples relative to the others

A

Average

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16
Q

Penetration of gamma rays relative to the others

A

Strong

17
Q

Radiative half-life

A

The time necessary for a radioactive material to decay half-way

18
Q

Radiation therapy

A

The use of radiation therapy to treat disease

19
Q

Brachytherapy

A

Radiation therapy inside the body