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Chem 1: Elements of Life > The Atom > Flashcards

The Atom Flashcards

Includes Big Bang Theory, The Life Cycle of Stars, Simple Atomic Model, Isotopes, Mass Spectrometry, Nuclear Fusion

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1
Q

Where is most of the mass of an atom concentrated?

A

The nucleus

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2
Q

What is the diameter of the atomic nucleus compared to the atom as a whole?

A

Small

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3
Q

What takes up most of the space in an atom?

A

Electrons in their shells

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4
Q

What two types of particles are in the nucleus?

A
  • Protons

- Neutrons

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5
Q

What is the relative charge of a proton?

A

+ 1

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6
Q

What is the relative charge of an electron?

A

-1

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7
Q

What is the relative charge of a neutron?

A

0

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8
Q

What is the relative size of a proton?

A

1

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9
Q

What is the relative size of a neutron?

A

1

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10
Q

What is the relative size of a electon?

A

1/2000

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11
Q

What is the symbol for mass number?

A

A

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12
Q

Which number is the mass number on an element in the periodic table?

A

The top one

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13
Q

What is the symbol for atomic number?

A

Z

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14
Q

Which number is the atomic number on an element in the periodic table?

A

The bottom one

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15
Q

What is the mass number of an element?

A

The sum of its protons and neutrons

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16
Q

What is the atomic number of an element?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

17
Q

What do all atoms of an element have in common?

A

The same atomic number

18
Q

Define “isotope”

A

Atoms of the same element containing different mass numbers (different number of neutrons)

19
Q

Why do isotopes have the same reactivity and chemical properties?

A

They have the same configuration of electrons

20
Q

Why do isotopes have different physical properties e.g rate of diffusion?

A

Different atomic mass

21
Q

Define “relative atomic mass”

A

The average mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12

22
Q

How do most elements exist naturally?

A

As a mixture of isotopes

23
Q

What is relative atomic mass an average of?

A

Relative isotopic mass, taking isotopic abundance into account

24
Q

What determines the chemical properties of an element?

A

The number and arrangement of electrons

25
Q

What often determines the physical properties of an element?

A

The mass of the atom

Chem 1: Elements of Life (5 decks)

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