The Athlete Blueprint

Question 1

inferior

Answer 1

below/further away from the head

Question 2

superior

Answer 2

above/further from the head

Question 3

proximal

Answer 3

nearer to where a limb attaches

Question 4

distal

Answer 4

further from where a limb attaches

Question 5

posterior

Answer 5

behind/nearer to the back

Question 6

anterior

Answer 6

in front/nearer to the front

Question 7

internal

Answer 7

further from the surface (skin)

Question 8

external

Answer 8

on the surface (skin)

Question 9

lateral

Answer 9

further from the midline

Question 10

medial

Answer 10

closer to the midline

Question 11

intermediate

Answer 11

between two structures

Question 12

axial skeleton parts

Answer 12

vertebral column, cranium, ribs

Question 13

appendicular skeleton parts

Answer 13

shoulder girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs

Question 14

axial skeleton function

Answer 14

support

Question 15

elevation

Answer 15

lifting

Question 16

appendicular skeleton function

Answer 16

movement

Question 17

depression

Answer 17

dropping

Question 18

protraction

Answer 18

anterior movement in the transverse plan (eg. rounded shoulders)

Question 19

retraction

Answer 19

reverse of protraction

Question 20

dorsiflexion

Answer 20

ankle flexion

Question 21

planta flexion

Answer 21

ankle extension

Question 22

eversion

Answer 22

medial rotation of ankle joint

Question 23

inversion

Answer 23

lateral rotation of the ankle joint

Question 24

pronation

Answer 24

palms facing upwards

Question 25

supination

Answer 25

palms facing downwards

Question 26

femur, metatarsals, clavicle

Answer 26

long bones

Question 27

carpals, tarsals

Answer 27

short bones

Question 28

scapula, ribs, sternum, pelvis

Answer 28

flat bones

Question 29

vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx

Answer 29

irregular bones

Question 30

bone functions

Answer 30

support, protection, movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, fat storage

Question 31

description of long bone

Answer 31

length grater than width, enlarged at either end

Question 32

description of short bone

Answer 32

small, cube shaped, articulate with other bones

Question 33

description of flat bones

Answer 33

curved surfaces, provide attachment for muscles

Question 34

description of irregular bones

Answer 34

all have special shapes + functions

Question 35

flexion

Answer 35

closing of joint angle

Question 36

extension

Answer 36

opening of joint angle

Question 37

abduction

Answer 37

moving limb away from body

Question 38

adduction

Answer 38

returning limb to body

Question 39

fibrous joints

Answer 39

thin layer of fibrous tissues connecting two bones, no movement

Question 40

cartilaginous joints

Answer 40

connected by cartilage, partial movement

Question 41

synovial joints

Answer 41

synovial cavity filled with fluid, freely moveable

Question 42

bone

Answer 42

matrix of protein, water & mineral salts

Question 43

ligament

Answer 43

connective tissue, bone to bone

Question 44

cartilage

Answer 44

network of collagen and connective fibres

Question 45

fascia

Answer 45

connective tissue

Question 46

Tendon

Answer 46

connective tissue, muscle to bone

Question 47

joint

Answer 47

where two or more bones articulate

Question 48

articular cartilage

Answer 48

covers articulating surfaces of bones

Question 49

articular capsule

Answer 49

sleeve like structure that surrounds joint

Question 50

synovial membrane

Answer 50

lines articular capsule and secretes synovial fluid

Question 51

synovial fluid

Answer 51

lubricates joint cavity, releases nutrients

Question 52

menisci

Answer 52

cartilage found between poorly matched joints

Question 53

bursae

Answer 53

fluid sacs where structures may rub

Question 54

parts of a lever

Answer 54

fulcrum, load, effort

Question 55

middle of a first class lever?

Answer 55

fulcrum

Question 56

middle of a second class lever?

Answer 56

load

Question 57

middle of a third class lever?

Answer 57

effort

Question 58

mechanical advantage

Answer 58

effort arm/load arm