The art of Ancient Greeks and Romans Flashcards
4 periods of Ancient Greek Art
- Geometric
- Archaic
- Classical
- Hellenistic
Human forms as well as those of animals were somewhat uncommon, but when they appeared in artworks, they exhibited ________________________.
geometric characteristics
Ancient Greek vessels for mixing wine and water
Kraters
This period in Greek art history is known for its pottery, with kraters and amphoras.
Geometric period
Two-handled jars with a narrow neck used for storing oils or wine.
Amphoras
Art in Geometric period confined itself largely to depictions and repetitions of lines, shapes, and patterns; a characteristics of the ____________.
horror vacui
Kourus became ubiquitous during the ________________.
Archaic period
They were created as ornaments of religious structures or as immortal reminders of the qualities of a dead person.
Kouros
Statues in Archaic period were influenced by ancient Egyptian sculptures; however, Kouros statues are less stiff than the Egyptian version. True or False?
True
The central maxim in Classical Greek culture was portrayed in the saying, “_________________________________.”
Man is the measure of all things
Many experts believe that it was during this time that the Greeks reached the peak of their artistry and craftsmanship.
Classical period
Greek artists specifically discovered several ratios, such as the well-known _________, that served as their guides in proportions in their work.
Golden ratio
One of the major characteristics of statues of the Classical period was the _________< a position wherein the human form follows an S-curved shape.
Contrapposto
One of the favorite motifs in Classical Greek sculpture.
Nude athletes
Why did Greeks use ratios of nature in architecture?
To make sure that their structures were in unison with their environment
Slightly decreasing in diameter on the way to the top of the column, which results in a delicate convex curve in every column.
Entasis technique
The very structured system of proportions in Classical Greek architecture was developed according to three styles or orders. These are?
- Doric
- Ionic
- Corinthian
FILL IN THE BLANKS!!!!
Each order consists of upright supports called (1)___________. Each column was composed of (2)____, (3)______, and (4)______ or (5)________. The columns supported the entablature composed of the (6)____________, the (7)__________, and the (8)__________.
(1) Columns (2) base (3) shaft (4) capital (5) crown (6) architrave (7) frieze (8) cornice
The oldest, most massive, but simplest order.
Doric
It featured a circular capital with a square on top.
Doric columns
Was sculpted with flutes or concave curves, is plain and has no base.
Shaft
Vertically channeled tablets
triglyphs
Architectural elements that fill the space between triglyphs
metopes
The cornice is perfectly straight. True or False?
False, it’s slant.
Its capitals feature volutes or scrolls, and the shafts are taller and appear slenderer than Doric shafts.
Ionic order
Out of the three orders, it is the most ornate.
Corinthian
Corinthian cornices are flat. True or False?
True
Works of art from the _________ became more emotional; they displayed more dramatic movements.
Hellenistic age
While their art was largely borrowed, the Romans expressed and reflected in them their ___________ and ______________.
originality and practical spirit
When Rome conquered Greece in _________, the Romans were immediately inspired by Greek art.
146 B.C.
Greatest contribution of the Romans to art history
Architecture
One of the virtues of the Romans
originality
A modification of the Doric column, which had smaller capital and a leaner shaft without flutes.
Tuscan column
The Roman builders rapidly discovered new materials such as:
- colored varieties of marble
- white limestone
- concrete rubble
- stucco
- brick
4 types of Roman sculpture
- Historical reliefs
- Statues and busts
- Funerary sculptures
- imitations of works by ancient Greek artists
Extended arches, usually forming a roof or ceiling
Vault
These works of art were created primarily to impress the public, as well as to display Rome’s power and splendor.
Roman sculpture
This was one of their ways of telling their young about Rome’s glorious past.
Roman paintings
These art forms were used to embellish walls and floors in some temples and homes.
Roman mosaics
These were common across the empire, indicating how important or popular they were.
Floor mosaics
