The arm (and cubital fossa) Flashcards
State the origin, insertion, nerve supply, movement and position of the Deltoid
Origin: Anatomical horseshoe
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity
Nerve Supply: Axillary nerve
Position: Posterior/Middle/Anterior fibres
Movement:
Posterior fibres (unipennate) - extend shoulder, externally rotate arm, adduct/abduct arm with post. fibres
Middle fibres (multipennate) - abducts arm
Anterior fibres (unipennate) - flex shoulder, internally rotate arm, adduct/abduct arm with post. fibres
State the origin, insertion, nerve supply, movement and position of the Teres Major
Origin: Inferior angle of the scapula
Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular groove
Nerve Supply: Lower scapular nerve
Position: Posterior –> Anterior
Movement: internal rotation of arm, adducts shoulder
What are the muscles found on the lateral compartment of the arm? And what nerve innervates them?
- Brachioradialis
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (E.C.R.L)
- Common extensor origin (Lateral epicondyle)
Radial nerve
What are the muscles found on the medial compartment of the arm? And what nerve innervates them?
- Pronator teres (origin: supracondular ridge)
- Common flexor origin (Medial epicondyle)
Medial and ulnar nerve
What are the “shunt” muscles of the arm and what do they do?
- Deltoid
- Short head of biceps brachii
- Coracobrachialis
- Long head of triceps brachii
They prevent unwanted inferior movement of the humeral head at the shoulder joint during loading (carrying heavy load)
What is the origin, insertion, nerve supply, movement and position of the biceps brachii?
Origin: Long head - Supraglenoid tubercle Short head - Coracoid Insertion: 1. Radial tuberosity 2. Bicipital aponeurosis Nerve supply: Both - musculocutaneous nerve Position: Anterior Movement: 1. Supinator, elbow flexor 2. Flexion of shoulder
What is the origin, insertion, nerve supply, movement and position of the Brachialis?
Origin: Anterior surface of the distal humerus Insertion: Tuberosity of ulna Nerve Supply: Musculocutaneous nerve Position: Anterior Movement: 1. Main elbow flexor (most important)
What is the origin, insertion, nerve supply, movement and position of the Coracobrachialis?
Origin: Coracoid Insertion: Medial side of the humerus Nerve Supply: Musculocutaneous nerve Position: Anterior Movement: 1. Adduction of shoulder 2. Flexion of shoulder
What is the origin, insertion, nerve supply, movement and position of the Triceps brachii long head?
Origin: Infraglenoid tubercle Insertion: Olecranon (Ulna) Nerve Supply: Radial nerve Position: posterior Movement: 1. Elbow extensor 2. Shoulder adductor, Shoulder extensor
What is the pathway of the median nerve?
Medial cord + Lateral Cord –> Median nerve
What is the pathway of the ulnar nerve?
Medial cord –> Ulnar nerve
Front –> Back –> Front
What is the pathway of the musculocutaneous nerve?
Lateral cord –> Musculocutaneous nerve –> Lateral musculocutaneous nerve of forearm
What is the pathway of the radial nerve?
Posterior cord –> radial nerve
Comes through the triangular interval
What is the pathway of the axillary nerve?
Posterior cord –> Axillary nerve
Comes through the quadrangular space
What is the pathway of the axillary artery?
Axillary artery –Cross teres major–> Profunda brachii artery + Brachial artery –> Radial artery + ulnar artery
