The Architectural Pattern of an Animal Flashcards
what are the 3 main types of symmetry in animals
non-symmetry, Radial and bilateral
what is cephalization and in what type of symmetry does it occur?
the concentration of sense organs, nervous control, etc., at the anterior end of the body. it occurs in bilateral symmetry.
what is the main form of movement in animals with radial symmetry
Sessile, Free floating or weakly swimming
what are the two main groups that have radial symmetry and what is the exception to these groups?
Cnidarian and Ctenophora are the two main groups and Echinodermata are the exception.
What parts of the body originated from ectoderm?
hair, nails, lining of mouth, enamel of teeth, lens of eye, inner ear, nasal and olfactory epithelium, epithelia glands, brain, spinal cords, motor nerves, sensory nerves, adrenal medulla, sympathetic ganglia, skull, gill arches and the dentine of teeth.
What parts of the body originated from mesoderm?
Notochord, lining of thoracic and abdominal cavities, blood, bone marrow, lymphatics, endothelium of blood vessels, skeletal muscles, bones and cartilage of skeleton, dermis, connective tissue and the organs of urogenital system
what parts of the body originated from the endoderm.
epithelium of the respiratory tract, pharynx, thyroid and parathyroid, liver, pancreas, epithelium of urogenital system.
what is the difference between spiral and radial cleavage.
in spiral cleavage Blastomeres cleave obliquely at an approximately 45-degree angle to the animal-vegetal axis while in radial cleavage they cleave perpendicular to it.
what is the difference between mosaic and regulative embryos.
in mosaic embryos determinant cleavage occurs in which even the lacking of one blastomere can lead to unnatural development but in regulative embryos even one blastomere can grow into a full embryo.
what is the difference between schizocoelous and enterocoelous formation of the coelom
in the schizocoelous formation, the area between the endoderm and the ectoderm is filed with mesoderm, then some cell get destroyed and the coelom forms but in the entrocoelous formation, pockets of mesoderm form from the endoderm and make the coelom.
name four differences between protostomes and deuterostome.
the type of cleavage, the type of embryo, the fate of the blastopore, the formation of the mesoderm
what part of the coelom will line the inner body wall and serosa?
peritoneum
what is a mesentry?
a fold of membrane that attaches the intestine to the wall around the stomach area and holds it in place.
animals with 2 germ layers mostly have ——— symmetry and those with 3 have———–.
Radial.
Bilateral
what is the job of the parenchyma?
assimilation and transport of
food and in disposal of metabolic wastes
