The Approaches: Origins of Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by the term science?

A

Gaining knowledge through the use of objective (factual) investigation.

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2
Q

Who is known as the father of Psychology

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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3
Q

Where and when did Wundt create the first psychology laboratory?

A

Germany in 1879

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4
Q

Wundt used controlled environments to establish

A

general theories about mental processes

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5
Q

Which components did Wundt claim human experience should be analysed?

A

Sensations
Emotions
Reactions to present experiences

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6
Q

Which group of psychologists developed from Wundt’s original work?

A

Cognitive Psychologists

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7
Q

What was the name of the technique used by Wundt?

A

Introspection

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8
Q

What type of experiences does introspection focus on?

A

Present

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9
Q

In introspection a person would focus on an object while ….

A

listening to a stimulus e.g. metronome

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10
Q

Give an example of a stimulus a person may listen to whilst focusing on an object.

A

Listening to a metronome

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11
Q

In introspection what does a person focus on when looking inwards?

A

Sensations
Feelings
Images

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12
Q

The analysis of components in introspection is broken up into what there things?

A

Thoughts
Images
Sensations

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13
Q

What is introspection?

A

Investigating internal events by examining conscious thoughts and feelings.

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14
Q

Why is Wundt praised?

A

He helped move psychology from philosophical roots by using controlled environments and standardised procedure to study human experience.

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15
Q

Give two ways Wundt’s research could be seen as scientific

A

uses controlled environments
uses standardised procedures

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16
Q

By using standardised procedures and controlled environments what does this mean for Wundt’s research?

A

It can be easier to replicate the research.

17
Q

Although Wundt’s research is replicable it might not be seen as …

A

reliable

18
Q

Why might introspection not be reliable?

A

It focuses on a person’s subjective experience which varies from person to person so is hard to establish consistent general principles

19
Q

Why would behaviourists reject introspection?

A

Psychology should only study behaviour that can be observed and measured scientifically.

20
Q

How did the behaviourist approach differ from Wundt in terms of how research is conducted.

A

They used empirical and objective measures such as carefully controlled lab experiments.