The Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
Name 7 Anxiety Disorders
- Separation anxiety disorder
- Selective mutism
- Specific phobia
- Social anxiety disorder
- Panic disorder
- Agoraphobia
- Generalized anxiety disorder
The feeling of apprehension or fear involving “excessive worry” and “anticipation of threat”
Anxiety
What often accompanies anxiety disorders
depression
Name 3 ways anxiety disorders differ
- Fear-inducing objects differ
- Avoidance patterns differ
- Thought content
What are the 4 major mediators of anxiety
- norepinephrine
- serotonin
- dopamine
- gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Medical condition characterized by significant distress when a person is away from parents, another caregiver, or home
Separation anxiety
When does separation anxiety peak during normal development
peaks between 8-18 months, diminishes by 2.5 years
Name 3 treatment options for separation anxiety
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy
- Family psychosocial therapy
- Serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (black box warning)
Marked or persistent fear (>6 months) that is excessive or unreasonable cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation
Specific phobia
Fear of heights
acrophobia
Fear of open spaces
agoraphobia
Fear of cats
ailurophobia
Cynophobia
fear of dogs
mysophobia
fear of dirt and germs
Name 3 treatments for specific phobias
- Relaxation techniques
- Anti-anxiety medications
- Desensitization
Breathlessness, dizziness, a sense of suffocation and fear of dying are all signs of what
Panic disorder
Blushing, muscle twitching and anxiety about scrutiny are signs of
Social anxiety disorder
Treatments for Social Anxiety disorder
- Serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), benodiazepines, venlafaxine (effexor), buspirone (Buspar)
- Beta blockers
- Cognitive, behavioral, and exposure techniques
Acute attack of anxiety with overwhelming feeling of impending doom
Panic Disorder
Name 3 substances causing shift in acid-base balance that can cause panic
- CO2
- Sodium lactate
- Bicarbonate
Substances acting through specific neurotransmitters with potential to induce panic
- yohimbine
- flumazenil
- cholecystokinin
- isoproteronol
- caffeine
Panic Disorder: Course/Prognosis
- Onset generally late adolescence
- chronic
Panic Disorder: Treatment
- Cognitive behavioral therapy
- Drugs
- SSRIs
- Benzodiazipines
*length of treatment at least 6-12 months
Agoraphobia definition
fear of places, where one might not be able to escape
Agoraphobia: treatment
- SSRIs (1st line of treatment)
- Benzodiazepines
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Psychotherapy
Generalized anxiety disorder
excessive uncontrollable worry about everyday things
General Anxiety Disorder: Psychosocial Factors
- Response to perceived dangers, inaccurate
- Focus on negative details in environment
- Distorted information processing; distorted thoughts
- Negative view of own ability
General anxiety disorder: Prognosis
- Life-long
- Long term treatment recommended
General Anxiety disorder: treatment
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy
- Insight-oriented therapy
- Pharmacotherapy (SSRI, Benzodiazepines, buspirone,SNRI (Venlafaxine, Effexor))
Which patients have highest occurrence of panic due to another medical condition besides anxiety?
- cardiomyopathy
- awaiting heart transplant
Which two autoimmune diseases also have high occurrence of panic?
- Sjogren’s syndrome
2. Grave’s disease
