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Patient Instrumentation & Monitoring I > The Anesthesia Machine > Flashcards

The Anesthesia Machine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of systems in the anesthesia machine?

A

Electrical and Pneumatic

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2
Q

What does the electrical system consist of? (6)

A

Master power switch, Power failure indicator, Reserve power, electrical outlets, circuit breakers, data communication ports

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3
Q

What does the pneumatic system consist of? (3)

A

High pressure system, intermediate pressure system, low pressure system

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4
Q

What color represents oxygen?

A

Green

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5
Q

What colors represents nitrous dioxide?

A

Blue

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6
Q

What color represents air?

A

Yellow

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7
Q

What are the pipeline gases?

A

Wall outlets that deliver gas to machine

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8
Q

What is the central supply source for the gases?

A

pipeline gases

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9
Q

What is the backup source for gases when the pipeline fails or is unavailable?

A

Cylinder gases

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10
Q

What size cylinders are used for the anesthesia machine?

A

Size E Cylinders

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11
Q

What safety system is implemented for pipeline gases?

A

Diameter Index Safety System

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12
Q

What safety system is implemented for cylinder gases?

A

Pin Index Safety System

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13
Q

What is the high-pressure system?

A

Receives gas from cylinders at high pressure and reduces to lower pressure

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14
Q

What are the components of the high-pressure system? (4)

A

Hanger yoke, check valve, cylinder pressure gauge (indicator), and pressure regulator

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15
Q

What is the purpose of the check valve?

A

Allows unidirectional gas flow

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the pressure regulator?

A

Decreases pressure to 45-47 psig*

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17
Q

Pressure regulator will make the pressure slightly […] than pipeline pressure

A

lower

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18
Q

What is the value for a pressure full oxygen cylinder?

A

1900 psig

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19
Q

What is the value for a pressure full nitrous oxide cylinder?

A

745 psig

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20
Q

What is the value for a pressure full carbon dioxide cylinder?

A

838 psig

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21
Q

What is the value for a pressure full air cylinder?

A

1800 psig

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22
Q

What is the intermediate-pressure system?

A

Receives gases from pressure regulator or pipeline inlet

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23
Q

What are the components of the intermediate-pressure system? (7)

A

Pipeline inlet connection, pipeline pressure gauges, oxygen pressure failure devices, second stage pressure regulator, oxygen flush, flow control valves, and alternate oxygen control

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24
Q

[…] ensures non-interchangable fitting for each hose attachment and is apart of the intermediate-pressure system

A

diameter index safety system

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25
Q

What should pipeline pressure gauges read?

A

50-55 psig

26
Q

What is the purpose of the fail safe valve?

A

Only allows gases to flow if there is sufficient oxygen pressure

27
Q

What do oxygen pressure failure devices prevent?

A

Accidental delivery of hypoxic mixture (in event O2 supply fails)

28
Q

How does the pressure sensor shut off valve function? What machine uses this?

A

Gas valve closes and prevents administration of the gas; datex-ohmeda

29
Q

For pressure sensor shut off valve, an O2 pressure […] opens valve

A

> 20 psig

30
Q

For pressure sensor shut off valve, an O2 pressure […] closes valve

A

<20 psig

31
Q

How does the oxygen failure protection device function? What machine uses this?

A

Proportionally decreases supply of other gases; drager

32
Q

How does the oxygen supply failure alarm work?

A

Alarm activates if oxygen pressure falls below 20-30 psig

33
Q

What does the second stage pressure regulator do?

A

Further reduges pressure from pipeline or cylinder

34
Q

Second stage pressure regulator will reduce oxygen pressure to […]

A

~14 psig

35
Q

Second stage pressure regulator will reduce nitrous oxide pressure to […]

A

~26 psig

36
Q

Oxygen flush will send high flow of oxygen directly to the common gas outlet around […] L/min

A

35-76

37
Q

When is the oxygen flush used?

A

Rapidy fill or flush breathing circuit

38
Q

What should the oxygen flush NOT be used for? Why?

A

During inspiration, delivers large tidal volume and barotrauma

39
Q

What does the flow control valves do?

A

Regulate flow of gas to flow meters

40
Q

What are the two type soft flow control valves?

A

Mechanical and electrical

41
Q

Turning the flow control valves clock-wise will […] gas flow

A

decrease

42
Q

Turning the flow control valves counterclockwise will […] gas flow

A

increase

43
Q

What is the low-pressure system?

A

Located between flow control devices and machine outlet

44
Q

What are components of the low-pressure system? (5)

A

Flowmeters, unidirectional valve, pressure relief device, common gas outlet, vaporizers

45
Q

What are flowmeters?

A

Measure gas flow from flow control valves

46
Q

What are the 3 types of indicators for the flowmeters?

A

Ball, bobbin, or float

47
Q

What are the type of tubes flowmeters use and describe them

A

Thorpe tube (small diameter at bottom of tube and widens at top)

48
Q

How many tapers can flowmeters have?

A

Single or double

49
Q

What are the 2 type of fluid flow in the flowmeters?

A

Laminar - low flow (depends on viscosity) & Turbulent - high flow (depends on density)

50
Q

If there is a BALL indicator in the flowmeter, where should you read it from?

A

Middle of ball

51
Q

If there is a FLOAT indicator in the flowmeter, where should you read it from?

A

Top

52
Q

Why is flow tube arrangement important?

A

Prevent hypoxia

53
Q

Where is the oxygen flowmeter positioned?

A

Downstream of all other flowmeters (closest to vaporizer)

54
Q

What is reynolds number equation?

A

Re= (fluid density)(flow velocity)(tube diameter)/(viscosity of fluid)

55
Q

What does a HIGH (>2000) reynolds number indicate?

A

Turbulent flow (inc. density)

56
Q

What does a LOW (<2000) reynolds number indicate?

A

Laminar flow (inc. viscosity)

57
Q

Where is the low-pressure system check valve located?

A

Between vaporizer and common gas outlet (Datex-ohmeda machines)

58
Q

What is the purpose of the low-pressure system check valve?

A

Minimizes effect of back pressure from ventilation or O2 flush

59
Q

What is the purpose of the pressure relief device?

A

Opens to atmosphere and vents gas if pressure is too high

60
Q

What is the common gas outlet?

A

Supplies gas to breathing circuit

Patient Instrumentation & Monitoring I (1 decks)

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