The Anatomy Of Exercise & Movement - Ch. 1 Flashcards
Situated or toward the front of the body (also called ventral).
Anterior
Situated toward the back of the body (also called dorsal).
Posterior
Situated below, or directed down, away from the head.
Inferior
Situated above, toward the head.
Superior
Toward the side of the body, or located away from the midline of the body or organ.
Lateral
Toward the midline of the body or organ.
Medial
Toward the outer surface of the body or organ.
Peripheral
From the Latin, distans, meaning distant. Remote; away from any point of origin of a structure.
Distal
From the Latin, proximus, meaning next. Nearest, close to any point of origin of a structure.
Proximal
Situated far from the body surface
Deep
Situated near or at the body surface
Superficial
The back, or posterior surface of something, e.g. back of the hand, or upper surface of the foot.
Dorsum
The anterior surface of the hand
Palmar
The sole of the foot
Plantar
Position of the body in which the ventral (anterior) surface faces down.
Prone
Position of the body in which the ventral (anterior) surface faces up.
Supine
Movement of the thumb to approach or touch one or more of the fingertips.
Opposition
Returning the thumb to a parallel position with the fingers.
Reposition
On the same side
Ipsilateral
On the opposite side
Contralateral
Vertical plane extending in an anteroposterior direction dividing the body into right and left parts; effectively the forward and backward plane.
Mid-sagittal plane
Any plane parallel to the median plane
Sagittal plane
A vertical plane at right angles to the sagittal plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions; effectively the side movement plane.
Coronal (or frontal) plane
A horizontal cross-section, dividing the body into upper and lower sections, and lies at right angles to the other two planes; effectively the rotational movement plane.
Transverse (or horizontal) plane
The action of flexion and extension happen in the?
Sagittal plane
Abduction and adduction take place in the?
Frontal plane
Jumping jacks are an example of?
Abduction and adduction
Movement away from the midline of the body (or to return from adduction)
Abduction
Movement toward the midline of the body (or to return from abduction)
Adduction
Movement in which the distal end of a bone moves in a circle, while the proximal end remains relatively stable; combining flexion, extension, abduction and adduction.
Circumduction
Bending the body or head sideways in the coronal plane
Lateral flexion
Rotating the forearm to turn the palm of the hand down to face the floor, or to face posteriorly from the anatomical position.
Pronation
Rotating the forearm to turn the palm of the hand up to face the ceiling, or to face forward, as is the case in the anatomical position.
Supination
Movement that straightens or increases the angle between the bones or part of the body.
Extension
Movement that involves bending e.g. spine, bending forward
Flexion
Movement of an elevated part of the body downward to its original position.
Depression
Movement of a part of the body upwards along the frontal plane.
Elevation
To point the toes upward
Dorsiflexion
To point the toes downward
Plantar flexion
Turning the sole of the foot outward. (Also called pronation of the foot).
Eversion
Turning the sole of the foot inward. (Also called supination of the foot).
Inversion
Drawing out and lengthening. Movement forward in the transverse plane.
Protraction
Drawing back. Movement backward in the transverse plane
Retraction
Turning around a fixed axis.
Rotation
Turning in toward the midline
Medial rotation
Turning out away from the midline
Lateral rotation
