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8th Grade American History > The American Civil War > Flashcards

The American Civil War Flashcards

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1
Q

Which state seceded first?

A

South Carolina

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2
Q

Which states followed South Carolina in to secession?

A

Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas

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3
Q

What advantages did the North have?

A

1) Twice the population
2) 80% of the industry
3) Government was already in place
4) Four times the white population

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4
Q

What advantages did the South have?

A

1) Superior military leadership
2) Homeland Advantage
3) Fight for a cause the believed in
4) Fighting a defensive war

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5
Q

What was the difference between the North and South when it comes to income?

A

North: Many types, including businesses, factories, and agriculture
South: Mostly agriculture

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6
Q

What was the difference between the North and South when it comes to literacy rate?

A

North: 90% of whites
South: 50% of whites

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7
Q

What was the difference between the North and South when it comes to technology?

A

North: Loved to change and become more advanced
South: Hated change, wanted to remain the way they were.

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8
Q

How did the North and South feel about each other?

A

The north thought the south was backwards and immoral

The south thought the north wouldn’t quick picking on them

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9
Q

Who was the South’s president?

A

Jefferson Davis

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10
Q

Who was the South’s top general?

A

Robert E Lee

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11
Q

Who were the major southern generals?

A

Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson - He was Lee’s best friend, and his right arm man
James E B Stuart - He was in charge of the cavalry and was known as “the eyes and ears of Lee’s Army”
James Longstreet - He was in charge of Lee’s artillery
Josh Mosby - He led Hit and Run attacks in the night - Served as psyc ops. He led only about 100 men

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12
Q

Who was the North’s president?

A

Abraham Lincoln

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13
Q

Who was the North’s top general?

A

It fluctuated quite a bit through out the war; Lincoln couldn’t find a general he liked, so he kept firing generals. He eventually came across Ulysses S Grant and liked him.

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14
Q

What was the first battle in the Civil War?

A

Fort Sumter

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15
Q

When and where was Fort Sumter?

A

April 12-14 1861

On an Island off of South Carolina

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16
Q

Describe Fort Sumter’s Situation

A

It was a union fort off the coast of south Carolina, so there was an issue of getting supplies to it

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17
Q

What was the South fighting for?

A

To be recognized as it’s own country internationally, to maintain their life style, and to stay separate of the Union

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18
Q

What was the first battle in the Civil War?

A

Fort Sumter

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19
Q

When and where was Fort Sumter?

A

April 12-14 1861

On an Island off of South Carolina

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20
Q

Describe Fort Sumter’s situation

A

It was a union fort on an island of South Carolina, so there was difficulty getting supplies there.
President Lincoln sent a message that the north would be sending supplies to the island, and that the boat would be unarmed and would come in peace to the south.
The south ignored this, and fired when the ship came.

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21
Q

What was the only death during Fort Sumter?

A

A Horse, whose head was torn off by a cannon ball.

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22
Q

What Happened immediately after Fort Sumter?

A
  • Both sides call for volunteers to server for 3 months
  • Arkansas, Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee seceded
  • Forty-eight counties secede from Virginia and the confederacy and join the union, they would later become the state of West Virginia in 1863
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23
Q

What were border states, and which states were border states?

A

Border states had slavery, but remained in the union.

They were Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Kentucky, and later West Virginna

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24
Q

When was the first battle of Bull Run?

A

July 21, 1861

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25
Q

Why was Manassas important to both sides?

A

It an important railroad center, and it was only 25 miles from Washington DC

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26
Q

What was unusual about the First Battle of Bull Run?

A

It had spectators - Senators from Washington came with their families and had a picnic lunch on the nearby hill to watch.
How lovely, right?

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27
Q

Who led the south during the First Battle of Bull Run?

A

Thomas Jackson

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28
Q

Who led the north during the First Battle of Bull Run?

A

McDowell

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29
Q

How troops did each side have at the first battle of bull run?

A

North: 37,000
South: 22,000 at start, but recived 10,000 as backup

30
Q

Describe the setting of the first battle of Bull Run

A

The fighting took place on a field, it was next to a large creek called Bull Run. There was a hill not too far off, with the spectators atop it, and a bridge going across the river behind it.

31
Q

Describe what happened during first battle of Bull Run

A

During the fighting, the south started retreating, but were railed by Thomas Stonewall, then the heat exhausted and tired form marching northern soldiers got frustrated, threw down their guns, and retreated. The south followed them. The fighting started inching towards the hill where the spectators sat. The spectators started getting in their buggies, and started taking off. The southern soldiers hijacked some of the buggies, however, and blocked the bridge across the river. It stranded the union army as well as the spectators. It was Choas.

32
Q

Explain how Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson got his nickname

A

He rallied a retreating south during the first battle of bull run.
A newspaper writer said “They held like a stone wall”

33
Q

How many casualties did each side after the first battle of Bull Run?

A

North - 2,000

South - 2,900

34
Q

Who won the first battle of bull run?

A

The south

35
Q

Who replaced General McDowell after his lose at the first battle of bull run?

A

George McClellan

36
Q

What was the union’s 3 part strategy?

A
  • Block all southern ports
  • Take control of the Mississippi and Tennessee rivers
  • Take Richmond ASAP
37
Q

What was the Union army called?

A

The army of the Potomac (named after the body of water that separated Washington DC from Virginia)

38
Q

Who led each side during the battle of Shiloh?

A

South - Johnson and Beauregard

North - Sherman and Grant (coming later)

39
Q

Who won a series of major battles in the west in early 1863?

A

Ulysses S Grant

40
Q

Where was the battle of Shiloh?

A

Shiloh was a church on the Tennessee River

41
Q

When did the battle of Shiloh occur?

A

April 6&7, 1862

42
Q

Who led each side during the battle of Shiloh?

A

South - Johnson and Beauregard

North - Sherman and Grant (coming later)

43
Q

How many men did each side have at the battle of Shiloh?

A

South - 40,000

North - 33,000 at start, with 25,000 coming later

44
Q

Describe what happened during the Battle of Shiloh

A

The south attacks the north camp at dawn, and force the north to retreat to a river bank, The fighting is intense.
The next day, grant arrives with 25,000 more men for the north, and the north goes on the offensive.

45
Q

What is the battle of Shiloh also known as?

A

“Bloody Shiloh”

46
Q

Bonus

What does Shiloh mean is Hebrew?

A

Place of Peace

47
Q

Why was Grant criticized after the battle of Shiloh?

A

He didn’t continue attacking the south after they left Shiloh.
You can exactly blame grant however, as he had just witnessed one of the most costly battles of the war.

48
Q

1) What major city did the union take in April of 1962?
2) Who led the attack?
3) Why was this win significant?

A

1) New Orleans
2) David Farragut
3) It meant that the union now controlled both ends of the Mississippi River

49
Q

When did the seven days’ battle take place?

A

June 26th -July 1st 1862

50
Q

Who led the seven days’ battles on each side?

A

South: Robert E Lee
North: George McClellan

51
Q

How many men did each side lose at the battle of Shiloh?

A

North: 13,700
South: 10,700

52
Q

How many men did each side have during the Seven days’ battles?

A

North: 130,000
South: 90,000

53
Q

Where was the general location of the seven days’ battles

A

Around Richmond Virginna

54
Q

What were the results of the seven days’ battle?

A

The Union loses this battle, because Lee accomplishes his goal of driving them away.
The North also becomes very depressed and don’t have a good Moral

55
Q

Which side was the C.S.S. Merrimack on?

A

The Confederates Side

hint: you can tell from whether the beginning is C.S.S., the Confederate States, or U.S.S., the United States.

56
Q

Which side was the U.S.S. Monitor on?

A

The Unions side

hint: you can tell from whether the beginning is C.S.S., the Confederate States, or U.S.S., the United States.

57
Q

Who led the north during the 7 days’ battles?

A

George McClellan

58
Q

Who led the south during the seven days’ battles?

A

Robert E Lee

59
Q

How many men did each side lose during the seven days’ battle?

A

North - 16,500

South - 20,000

60
Q

Who was the secretary of war under Pierce?

A

Jefferson Davies

61
Q

Who did lee and Grant both serve under in the Mexican war?

A

Winfield Scott

62
Q

Who captured John Brown at Harper’s Ferry?

A

Robert E Lee

63
Q

Who hated Military Discipline?

A

Uylesses S Grant

64
Q

Who was the superintendent at West Point?

A

Robert E Lee

65
Q

Which politician has no formal education?

A

Abraham Lincoln

66
Q

What tactics did both sides use during the beginning of the war?

A

Napoleonic

67
Q

What is George McClellan famed for?

A

Being really slow and cautious

This caused him to lose many battles that could have ended the war sooner than it did.

68
Q

What was the first submarine to be used in warfare, and sunk a ship?

A

The H L Hunley

69
Q

Where did Lee lose his battle plans?

A

Antitem

70
Q

Which battle was the bloodiest 12 hours in US history?

A

Antitem

71
Q

Who died at Chancellorsville?

A

Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

72
Q

Which general wanted to build a pontoon bridge at Fredericksburg?

A

Ambrose Burnside

8th Grade American History (1 decks)

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