the age of reformation: chapter 13

Question 1

why were catholic ideas dominant during this time period?

Answer 1

it was part of the monarchy, and had a large bureaucracy which held many positions

Question 2

what is heresy and what were its consequences

Answer 2

beliefs against the catholic church, could get oyu burned at the stake

Question 3

why was the system of indulgences put into place?

Answer 3

it was used to raise money for the church; people bought them to release soulds from the purgatory and get them into heaven

Question 4

what were luthers main beliefs

Answer 4

salvation by faith alone: god > word of presists

Question 5

what were the effects of the spread of the 95 theses?

Answer 5

increase in literacy rates, spread of luthers ideas which led to revolts that were not supported by Luther

Question 6

what happened at the diet of worms?

Answer 6

Charles V tried to force Luther to take back his theses, to which he refused and was excommunicated

Question 7

How did the reformation grow from local movements, to German and European?

Answer 7

printing press: translated into German and other languase and thousands of copies were printed

Question 8

how did the german princes respond to the reformation

Answer 8

it was a good way for them to grab power from the catholic emporer

Question 9

what movements grew from the actions of the german pricnes?

Answer 9

peasant revolts, they though if the princes could rebell then they could challenge the emporer too, not supported by Luther

Question 10

Anabaptists

Answer 10

baptism should be a choice to adults as chiristinaty is a choice and only adults were educated enough to make the decision

Question 11

peace os augsburg

Answer 11

foundational document: whoever ruled would determin the religion of their region

Question 12

how/why were religious decisions made

Answer 12

for political power

Question 13

how was germany changed beyond religion

Answer 13

a standard german lagunge was established, literacy rates skyrocketed, peasant revolts over change beyond religion

Question 14

what did Charles V have to be cautious about

Answer 14

how he delt with luther because he wanted his peoples support due to the Turks closing in on the HRE

Question 15

reformation in switzerland

Answer 15

zwingli preached against church crruptions and everything not in the bible

Question 16

calvinism main points

Answer 16

predestinatin: god has already decided who will be saved and who wont

Question 17

how did the protestant ideas spread through scandanavia (denmark and sweden)

Answer 17

both adopter luthernism for political reasons to separate themselves from the HRE

Question 18

protestanism in england

Answer 18

King henry VIII created the church of anglad for selfish reasons also with economic power as the crown got the church land and wealth

Question 19

scotland

Answer 19

john knox: main churhc = new protestant denomination with highest literacy rates

Question 20

protestants vs catholics in religious spaces

Answer 20

catholics worshiped more than just god (saints)

Question 21

catholic counter-reformation

Answer 21

the vatican: restore the church
1. reform the church
2. attacks, violence, art propaganda

Question 22

why were religious wars fought?

Answer 22

religion, oney, power, and land

Question 23

why did german princes break with Catholic rome

Answer 23

money and land
1. princes could confiscate church lands
2. not having to work with bishops
3. less taxes

Question 24

effects of religious wars (where were religios settled)

Answer 24

protestant: north
catholic: south

Question 25

queen elizabeth

Answer 25

very highly debated: many people saw that it was forbidden to have a woman in power and felt inferior

Question 26

transubstantiation

Answer 26

catholic: bread and wine = body and blood of christ
luther: bread and wine = body and blood of christ but also metaphor
zwingli; bread and wine = metaphor

Question 27

3 primary chriticisms of the catholic church

Answer 27

1. pristege was damaged during babolyian captivity
2. indulgences
3. doctorines were incorrect

Question 28

Why else did the normal people resent clerical privileges and immunities?

Answer 28

the clergy did not have civil resposibilies, nor did they pay taxes

Question 29

how were anabpatist seen as radicals

Answer 29

they were unwilling to accept a state church.

Question 30

did luther and zwingli support anabaptist

Answer 30

no, it seemed too radical

Question 31

postives of reformation on women

Answer 31

oppertunity to use literary or artist talents

Question 32

negatives of reformation on women

Answer 32

marriage became the only occupation for protest women
women were slut shamed