The aftermath of the Terror Flashcards

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1
Q

How did the Thermidorian’s dismantle the machinery of the Terror throughout 1794 and 1795 ?

A
  • July 1794 : Moderates filled the spaces on the CPS and CGS
  • August : The law of Prairial was repealed, reduction in powers of the Paris Commune and central government (Law on revolutionary government)
  • Nov : The Jacobin club was shut down
  • Dec : Law of general Maximum repealed
  • Feb 1795 : restrictions on catholic practice still existed
  • April/May : Representatives en mission and revolutionary tribunal were abolished
  • Oct : Law of suspects was appealed
  • Nov : Paris commune abolished
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2
Q

The White Terror (who, what, where, when and results)

A
  • The thermidorians took action against the former proponents of the terror (supported by the muscardins)
  • Violent action was taken by victims of the Terror towards Jacobins peasants were particularly active in the Vendee and Lyons
  • Lyon : May 1795, Jacobin prisoners were taken out of their cells and slaughtered
  • Successful in destroying the Jacobin club
  • Never as bloody as the great Terror
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3
Q

Royalist/reactionary threat caused by the White Terror

A
  • 1794/5 : Emigrees returned to France and demanded the return of their property and the restoration of monarchy
  • Verona declaration 1795 : Promised the restoration of French monarchy
  • Thermidorians diminished the threat through signing treaties, using military action and focusing on domestic affairs
  • Quiberon bay rising resulted in 700 emigrees being executed
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4
Q

The Paris 1795 risings dates and names

A
  1. Rising of Germinal (1st April 1795)
  2. Rising of Prairial (20/21st May 1795)
  3. Rising of Vendemiaire (5th Oct 1795)
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5
Q

Rising of germinal (causes, reaction and results)

A
  • Bread rations and fallen to 60g a day in Paris and they demanded the 1793 constitution
  • 10,000 unarmed marched to the convention and disrupted debates (demonstration rather than rising)
  • Paris was placed under marital law and the insurgents withdrew without resist
  • Resulted in an order for disarming in Paris and the Provinces
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6
Q

Rising of Prairial

A
  • Larger amount of SC women and some armed men marched to the convention and killed a deputy
  • Demanded 1793 constitution and new food controls
  • Mood became increasingly hostile and forces gathered to confront the crowd although a petition was agreed and signed
  • Military forces were called in and 6,000 militants were disarmed and arrested
  • Marked the end of the SC being a political force and the army was used against citizens for the first time since the revillon riots (April 1789)
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7
Q

Rising of Vendemiare

A
  • Royalist rising
  • In response to the food shortages and two-thirds law
  • 25,000 marched to the convention in order to seize power
  • Government troops had and used a cannon and 300 royalist were killed (one of the bloodiest revolutionary journees)
  • People of Paris didn’t attempt to intimidate an elected assembly until 1830
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