The Aftermath of the Terror

Question 1

When was the Law of 22 Prairial repealed? What impacts did this have? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 1

The Law of 22 Prairial was repealed on the 1st August 1794, meaning that the Parisian revolutionary tribunal’s significance was greatly diminished and political prisoners awaiting trial were to be released.

Question 2

When was the Law on Revolutionary Government passed? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 2

The Law on Revolutionary Government was passed on the 24th August 1794.

Question 3

What did the Law on Revolutionary Government determine? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 3

The Law on Revolutionary Government dispersed central government between 16 committees made responsible to the Convention, the CPS’ powers were limited to covering diplomacy, military operations and war materials, JACOBINS REMOVED FROM POWERFUL POSITIONS.

Question 4

When did the Thermidoreans separate the Church from the State? What other religious measure did they take that improved religious tolerance? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 4

The Thermidoreans separated the Church from the State on the 18th September 1794, ending the ‘Constitutional Church’. Furthermore, they introduced tolerance for all religion, with the exception of bans on some catholic practices.

Question 5

When was the Revolutionary Tribunal closed? When was the Law of Suspects repealed? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 5

The Revolutionary Tribunal was closed in May 1795. The Law of Suspects was repealed in October 1794.

Question 6

When was the Law of the Maximum repealed? What impacts did this have? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 6

The Law of the Maximum was repealed on the 24th December 1794, bringing public workshops established as part of poor relief programmes back into private ownership.

Question 7

When was the Jacobin Club closed down? What were the political implications of this? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 7

The Jacobin Club was closed on the 12th November 1794, with this removing the official popular base of sans-culotte and radical support in France, with the Thermidoreans hoping that this would suppress left-wing radicalism in France.

Question 8

When did the White Terror take place? What was this? What activities are associated with this? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 8

The White Terror took place across 1795, with this being a series of attacks by the Thermidoreans on those who coordinated the Terror. This included sans-culottes and Jacobins being attacked, Trees of Liberty being felled and the closure of Jacobin-supporting newspapers.

Question 9

Why did the Revolutionary Tribunal persist as a body until 1795? What example is there of this? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 9

The Revolutionary Tribunal continued as a body into 1795 as it was used to persecute and use legal action against prominent Jacobins, with some being executed and some being deported. Jean-Baptiste Carrier was executed.

Question 10

When was the Treaty of La Jaunaye agreed? Who was this agreed between and why? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 10

The Treaty of La Jaunaye was agreed in February 1795. This was between Republican Government and royalist rebels in the West to conclude rebellions and potential attempts to restore the monarchy by this region.

Question 11

When did General Hoche defeat a rising at Quiberon Bay? How many émigrées were executed from this? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 11

Hoche defeated a rising at Quiberon Bay in July 1795, with 700 émigrées being executed as a result.

Question 12

What did the Thermidorians aim to achieve through their economic policies? What policies did they pursue? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 12

The Thermidoreans aimed to create a laissez-faire and deregulated economy which would allow businesses to prosper. They ended economic regulation and price controls, deregulation trade and restoring paper currency.

Question 13

What was the value of the assignat by April 1795 compared to its original value? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 13

The assignat had a value of 1/10 of its original value by April 1795.

Question 14

What was the bread ration size in Paris by 10th May 1795? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 14

By 1795, the size of the bread ration was only 60g.

Question 15

When did the Rising of Germinal take place? What happened (who instigated, what action, etc)? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 15

The Rising of Germinal took place on the 1st April 1795, with sans-culottes taking the opportunity to invade the Convention and demand increased bread supplies and the restoration of the 1793 Constitution.

Question 16

How was the Rising of Germinal dealt with? Why was this action able to be taken? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 16

The Rising of Germinal was dealt with by declaring martial law in Paris, allowing General Pichegru to arrest agitators. This was possible as the uprising was fairly disorganised and poorly coordinated, allowing the National Guard to tackle insurgents.

Question 17

How many sans-culottes invaded the Convention on 1st April 1795 as part of the Rising of Germinal? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 17

The 1st April 1795 Germinal Rising saw 10,000 invading the Convention.

Question 18

When did the Rising of Prairial take place? What happened (who instigated, what actions, etc)? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 18

The Rising of Prairial took place on the 20th/21st May 1795. On the 20th, Sans-culottes forced their way into the Convention, murdering a deputy. They demanded the release of Jacobin prisoners and the reinstatement of the 1793 Constitution to regenerate food supplies. On the 21st, armed sans-culottes surrounded the Convention, before a peace was negotiated.

Question 19

How was the Rising of Prairial dealt with? What actions were taken to suppress/disperse threats? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 19

The Rising of Prairial was diminished when 40,000 troops were gathered to dispel crowds, with a peace later being negotiated. Later, presumed rebels and leaders were rounded up and 42 people were executed for their involvement in this.

Question 20

How many sans-culottes surrounded the Convention during the Rising of Prairial? How many rebels were cross examined/executed? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 20

20,000 sans-culottes gathered at the Convention during the Rising of Prairial, with the retribution by the Thermidoreans seeing 6000 people cross-examines and 42 executed.

Question 21

When did the Rising of Vendémiaire take place? What happened (who instigated, what actions, etc)? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 21

The Rising of Vendémiaire took place on the 5th October 1795, with a protest by royalist supporters (who felt that their interests were not being protected) seeing them march on the Convention and outnumber troops defending the building. Cannons were located by the Republican troops, led by Bonaparte, with some rebels killed to disperse the uprising.

Question 22

How many Royalists marched on the Convention as part of the Rising of Vendémiaire? What was the proportion of Royalists to Republicans at the Rising? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 22

25,000 Royalists marched on the Convention on the 5th October as part of the Rising of Vendémiaire, with 6 Royalists marching for every 1 Republican opposite.

Question 23

How many Royalists were killed by the Republican troops as part of the Rising of Vendémiaire? How many death sentences were handed out after the Rising? - Aftermath of the Terror

Answer 23

The Rising of Vendémiaire saw 300 Royalist rebels killed by the Republican troops, with 10 death sentences distributed retrospectively.