the acts, responses to acts, & timelines Flashcards
Why did the British Parliament pass the Stamp Act?
- to raise money and pay off debt from the F&I War
What was the Stamp Act?
taxed all legal and commercial documents
why did the Stamp Act outrage so many?
- affected all classes of Americans, not just wealthy classes (like the Sugar Act did)
- “no taxation without representation”
what was the stamp act congress?
wasn’t in my notes but is on the study guide
meeting of delegates from nine American colonies in 1765 to discuss the Stamp Act; “no taxation without representation”
after the Stamp Act was repealed, what acts replaced it?
- 1766 - Declaratory Acts
- 1767 - Townshend Acts
what were the virginia resolves?
wasn’t in my notes but it seems important - it’s on the study guide
- a series of resolutions passed by the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1765 in response to the Stamp Act
- Patrick Henry helped write these resolves
what was the timeline of acts?
- tensions were increasing in the colonies from 1760s ➡️1770s
- Sugar & Currency Acts of 1764
- Stamp Act of 1765
- Townshend Act of 1767
- Tea Act of 1773
- Intolerable Acts of 1774
what was the Sugar Act?
- taxed sugar, rum, molassses
- affected merchants
what was the currency act?
- couldn’t print/issue their own paper money
what were the sons of liberty?
- secret organization to oppose taxes
what were the declaratory acts?
- 1766
- claimed right to tax and regulate colonies
what were the townshend act 1767?
- imposed new taxes on lead, paint, paper, tea
what did the Britain do to enforce the acts?
- they sent troops & the royal navy to Boston in September 1768
why did the Boston Massacre happen? what were the effects?
- increasing tensions due to troops in Boston
- March 5, 1770
- effect: repealed Townshend Act, but kept taxing tea (Tea Act of 1773)
why did the Boston Tea Party happen? What were the effects of this act of rebellion?
- they had no intention of paying the tea tax
- protested with the Boston Tea Party
- effects: intolerable acts
what were the intolerable acts?
- Boston Port Act: closed Boston harbor bc of Tea Party
- MA Govt Act - Martial Law; Colonial assemblies dissolved
- Adminstritation of Justice Act: all trials were in England
- Quartering Act: privde housing and basic needs to troops
Main Goal: To threaten and force colonies to comply to British Government
what were the effects of the Intolerable Acts?
- First Continental Congress
- Sept - Oct 1774
- wanted to remind Britain that they have the same rights and are still loyal to England
what was lexington & concord?
- Thomas Gage ordered troops to march in and seize arms
- Britain = 273 casualities
- Colonies = 95 casualities
- hopes for reconciliation was gone ➡️ more patriots
- 1775
what was Bunker Hill?
- General Thomas Gage ordered attack on Breed’s Hill
- British won
- Britain = 226 dead, 828 wounded
- Colonies = 140 dead, 271 wounded
- lead to more unity between colonies - more support
- 1775 (after Lexington & Concord)
what were the “last straws” before declaring independence?
- Bunker Hill
- Olive Branch denied
- Hessian Missionaries
Commen Sense by Thomas Paine - convinced more colonists to join the patriot cause
what was the olive branch petition?
- last hope to reconcile the colonies and the British government
what did they do at the second continental congress?
- Olive Branch petition
- created the continental army w/ George Washington
what ideas inspired the declaration of independence?
- John Locke!!!!
- consent to the governed
- natural rights
- life, liberty, property
- enlightenment ideas
what were the daughters of liberty?
- woman who also wanted to boycott
- they made homespunb cloth to avoid english products
- symbol of loyalty to patriot cause
