the acts, responses to acts, & timelines

Question 1

Why did the British Parliament pass the Stamp Act?

Answer 1

• to raise money and pay off debt from the F&I War

Question 2

What was the Stamp Act?

Answer 2

taxed all legal and commercial documents

Question 3

why did the Stamp Act outrage so many?

Answer 3

• affected all classes of Americans, not just wealthy classes (like the Sugar Act did)
• “no taxation without representation”

Question 4

what was the stamp act congress?

wasn’t in my notes but is on the study guide

Answer 4

meeting of delegates from nine American colonies in 1765 to discuss the Stamp Act; “no taxation without representation”

Question 5

after the Stamp Act was repealed, what acts replaced it?

Answer 5

• 1766 - Declaratory Acts
• 1767 - Townshend Acts

Question 6

what were the virginia resolves?

wasn’t in my notes but it seems important - it’s on the study guide

Answer 6

• a series of resolutions passed by the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1765 in response to the Stamp Act
• Patrick Henry helped write these resolves

Question 7

what was the timeline of acts?

Answer 7

• tensions were increasing in the colonies from 1760s ➡️1770s
• Sugar & Currency Acts of 1764
• Stamp Act of 1765
• Townshend Act of 1767
• Tea Act of 1773
• Intolerable Acts of 1774

Question 8

what was the Sugar Act?

Answer 8

• taxed sugar, rum, molassses
• affected merchants

Question 9

what was the currency act?

Answer 9

• couldn’t print/issue their own paper money

Question 10

what were the sons of liberty?

Answer 10

• secret organization to oppose taxes

Question 11

what were the declaratory acts?

Answer 11

• 1766
• claimed right to tax and regulate colonies

Question 12

what were the townshend act 1767?

Answer 12

• imposed new taxes on lead, paint, paper, tea

Question 13

what did the Britain do to enforce the acts?

Answer 13

• they sent troops & the royal navy to Boston in September 1768

Question 14

why did the Boston Massacre happen? what were the effects?

Answer 14

• increasing tensions due to troops in Boston
• March 5, 1770
• effect: repealed Townshend Act, but kept taxing tea (Tea Act of 1773)

Question 15

why did the Boston Tea Party happen? What were the effects of this act of rebellion?

Answer 15

• they had no intention of paying the tea tax
• protested with the Boston Tea Party
• effects: intolerable acts

Question 16

what were the intolerable acts?

Answer 16

1. Boston Port Act: closed Boston harbor bc of Tea Party
2. MA Govt Act - Martial Law; Colonial assemblies dissolved
3. Adminstritation of Justice Act: all trials were in England
4. Quartering Act: privde housing and basic needs to troops

Main Goal: To threaten and force colonies to comply to British Government

Question 17

what were the effects of the Intolerable Acts?

Answer 17

• First Continental Congress
• Sept - Oct 1774
• wanted to remind Britain that they have the same rights and are still loyal to England

Question 18

what was lexington & concord?

Answer 18

• Thomas Gage ordered troops to march in and seize arms
• Britain = 273 casualities
• Colonies = 95 casualities
• hopes for reconciliation was gone ➡️ more patriots
• 1775

Question 19

what was Bunker Hill?

Answer 19

• General Thomas Gage ordered attack on Breed’s Hill
• British won
• Britain = 226 dead, 828 wounded
• Colonies = 140 dead, 271 wounded
• lead to more unity between colonies - more support
• 1775 (after Lexington & Concord)

Question 20

what were the “last straws” before declaring independence?

Answer 20

• Bunker Hill
• Olive Branch denied
• Hessian Missionaries

Commen Sense by Thomas Paine - convinced more colonists to join the patriot cause

Question 21

what was the olive branch petition?

Answer 21

• last hope to reconcile the colonies and the British government

Question 22

what did they do at the second continental congress?

Answer 22

• Olive Branch petition
• created the continental army w/ George Washington

Question 23

what ideas inspired the declaration of independence?

Answer 23

• John Locke!!!!
• consent to the governed
• natural rights
• life, liberty, property
• enlightenment ideas

Question 24

what were the daughters of liberty?

Answer 24

• woman who also wanted to boycott
• they made homespunb cloth to avoid english products
• symbol of loyalty to patriot cause