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ICD-10-PCS > The 31 Root Operations > Flashcards

The 31 Root Operations Flashcards

1
Q

Alteration

A

Definition: Modifying the anatomic structure of a body part without affecting the function of the body part

Explanation: Principal purpose is to improve appearance

Examples: Face lift, breast augmentation

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2
Q

Bypass

A

Definition: Altering the route of passage of the contents of a tubular body part

Explanation: Rerouting contents of a body part to a downstream area of the normal route, to a similar route and body part, or to an abnormal route and dissimilar body part. Includes one or more anastomoses, with or without the use of a device

Examples: Coronary artery bypass, colostomy formation

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3
Q

Change

A

Definition: Taking out or off a device from a body part and putting back an identical or similar device in or on the same body part without cutting or puncturing the skin or a mucous membrane

Explanation: All Change procedures are coded using the approach External

Examples: Urinary catheter change, gastrostomy tube change

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4
Q

Control

A

Definition: Stopping, or attempting to stop, postprocedural bleeding

Explanation: The site of the bleeding is coded as an anatomical region and not to a specific body part

Examples: Control of post-prostatectomy hemorrhage, control of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage

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5
Q

Creation

A

Definition: Making a new genital structure that does not take over the function of a body part

Explanation: Used only for sex change operations

Examples: Creation of vagina in a male, creation of penis in a female

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6
Q

Destruction

A

Definition: Physical eradication of all or a portion of a body part by the direct use of energy, force or a destructive agent

Explanation: None of the body part is physically taken out

Examples: Fulguration of rectal polyp, cautery of skin lesion

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7
Q

Detachment

A

Definition: Cutting off all or a portion of the upper or lower extremities

Explanation: The body part value is the site of the detachment, with a qualifier if applicable to further specify the level where the extremity was detached

Examples: Below knee amputation, disarticulation of shoulder

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8
Q

Dilation

A

Definition: Expanding an orifice or the lumen of a tubular body part

Explanation: The orifice can be a natural orifice or an artificially created orifice. Accomplished by stretching a tubular body part using intraluminal pressure or by cutting part of the orifice or wall of the tubular body part

Examples: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, pyloromyotomy

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9
Q

Division

A

Definition: Cutting into a body part without draining fluids and/or gases from the body part in order to separate or transect a body part

Explanation: All or a portion of the body part is separated into two or more portions

Examples: Spinal cordotomy, osteotomy

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10
Q

Drainage

A

Definition: Taking or letting out fluids and/or gases from a body part

Explanation: The qualifier Diagnostic is used to identify drainage procedures that are biopsies

Examples: Thoracentesis, incision and drainage

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11
Q

Excision

A

Definition: Cutting out or off, without replacement, a portion of a body part

Explanation: The qualifier Diagnostic is used to identify excision procedures that are biopsies

Examples: Partial nephrectomy, liver biopsy

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12
Q

Extirpation

A

Definition: Taking or cutting out solid matter from a body part

Explanation: The solid matter may be an abnormal byproduct of a biological function or a foreign body; it may be imbedded in a body part or in the lumen of a tubular body part. The solid matter may or may not have been previously broken into pieces

Examples: Thrombectomy, choledocholithotomy

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13
Q

Extraction

A

Definition: Pulling or stripping out or off all or a portion of a body part by the use of force

Explanation: The qualifier Diagnostic is used to identify extraction procedures that are biopsies

Examples: Dilation and curettage, vein stripping

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14
Q

Fragmentation

A

Definition: Breaking solid matter in a body part into pieces

Explanation: Physical force (e.g., manual, ultrasonic) applied directly or indirectly is used to break the solid matter into pieces. The solid matter may be an abnormal byproduct of a biological function or a foreign body. The pieces of solid matter are not taken out

Examples: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, transurethral lithotripsy

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15
Q

Fusion

A

Definition: Joining together portions of an articular body part rendering the articular body part immobile

Explanation: The body part is joined together by fixation device, bone graft, or other means

Examples: Spinal fusion, ankle arthrodesis

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16
Q

Insertion

A

Definition: Putting in a nonbiological device that monitors, assists, performs or prevents a physiological function but does not physically take the place of a body part

Explanation: N/A

Examples: Insertion of radioactive implant, insertion of central venous catheter

17
Q

Inspection

A

Definition: Visually and/or manually exploring a body part

Explanation: Visual exploration may be performed with or without optical instrumentation. Manual exploration may be performed directly or through intervening body layers

Examples: Diagnostic arthroscopy, exploratory laparotomy

18
Q

Map

A

Definition: Locating the route of passage of electrical impulses and/or locating functional areas in a body part

Explanation: Applicable only to the cardiac conduction mechanism and the central nervous system

Examples: Cardiac mapping, cortical mapping

19
Q

Occlusion

A

Definition: Completely closing an orifice or the lumen of a tubular body part

Explanation: The orifice can be a natural orifice or an artificially created orifice

Examples: Fallopian tube ligation, ligation of inferior vena cava

20
Q

Reattachment

A

Definition: Putting back in or on all or a portion of a separated body part to its normal location or other suitable location

Explanation: Vascular circulation and nervous pathways may or may not be reestablished

Examples: Reattachment of hand, reattachment of avulsed kidney

21
Q

Release

A

Definition: Freeing a body part from an abnormal physical constraint by cutting or by use of force

Explanation: Some of the restraining tissue may be taken out but none of the body part is taken out

Examples: Adhesiolysis, carpal tunnel release

22
Q

Removal

A

Definition: Taking out or off a device from a body part

Explanation: If a device is taken out and a similar device put in without cutting or puncturing the skin or mucous membrane, the procedure is coded to the root operation Change. Otherwise, the procedure for taking out a device is coded to the root operation Removal

Examples: Drainage tube removal, cardiac pacemaker removal

23
Q

Repair

A

Definition: Restoring, to the extent possible, a body part to its normal anatomic structure and function

Explanation: Used only when the method to accomplish the repair is not one of the other root operations

Examples: Colostomy takedown, suture of laceration

24
Q

Replacement

A

Definition: Putting in or on biological or synthetic material that physically takes the place and/or function of all or a portion of a body part

Explanation: The body part may have been taken out or replaced, or may be taken out, physically eradicated, or rendered nonfunctional during the Replacement procedure. A Removal procedure is coded for taking out the device used in a previous replacement procedure

Examples: Total hip replacement, bone graft, free skin graft

25
Q

Reposition

A

Definition: Moving to its normal location, or other suitable location, all or a portion of a body part

Explanation: The body part is moved to a new location from an abnormal location, or from a normal location where it is not functioning correctly. The body part may or may not be cut out or off to be moved to the new location

Examples: Reposition of undescended testicle, fracture reduction

26
Q

Resection

A

Definition: Partially closing an orifice or the lumen of a tubular body part

Explanation: The orifice can be a natural orifice or an artificially created orifice

Examples: Esophagogastric fundoplication, cervical cerclage

27
Q

Revision

A

Definition: Correcting, to the extent possible, a portion of a malfunctioning device or the position of a displaced device

Explanation: Revision can include correcting a malfunctioning or displaced device by taking out or putting in components of the device such as a screw or pin

Examples: Adjustment of position of pacemaker lead, recementing of hip prosthesis

28
Q

Supplement

A

Definition: Putting in or on biological or synthetic material that physically reinforces and/or augments the function of a portion of a body part

Explanation: The biological material is non-living, or is living and from the same individual. The body part may have been previously replaced, and the Supplement procedure is performed to physically reinforce and/or augment the function of the replaced body part

Examples: Herniorrhaphy using mesh, free nerve graft, mitral valve ring annuloplasty, put a new acetabular liner in a previous hip replacement

29
Q

Transfer

A

Definition: Moving, without taking out, all or a portion of a body part to another location to take over the function of all or a portion of a body part

Explanation: The body part transferred remains connected to its vascular and nervous supply

Examples: Tendon transfer, skin pedicle flap transfer

30
Q

Transplantation

A

Definition:Putting in or on all or a portion of a living body part taken from another individual or animal to physically take the place and/or function of all or a portion of a similar body part

Explanation:The native body part may or may not be taken out, and the transplanted body part may take over all or a portion of its function

Examples: Kidney transplant, heart transplant

31
Q

Restriction

A

Definition: Partially closing an orifice or the lumen of a tubular body part

Explanation: The orifice can be a natural orifice or an artificially created orifice

Examples: Esophagogastric fundoplication, cervical cerclage

ICD-10-PCS (8 decks)

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