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History Unit 1 > Thatcher - top 5 > Flashcards

Thatcher - top 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What year did supply side economics begin

A

1983

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2
Q

What were the benefits of supply side economics for gvt

A
  • Have a reason and incentive to work
  • encourages competition
  • limits trade unions
    -cuts welfare to save public money (rich shouldn’t pay for poor)
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3
Q

What was inflation at in 1979

A

14%

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4
Q

What was monetarism

A

Inflation was caused my amount of money in economy so she cuts gvt spending and makes higher interest rates

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5
Q

How much did manufacturing fall in 1980-81

A

14%

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6
Q

How much did inflation rise by in 1980

A

22%

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7
Q

How many were unemployed in 1982

A

3 million

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8
Q

What figures show there was no change in inflation rates between 1979 and 1990

A

I979 - 10.3%
1990 - 10.9%

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9
Q

What year did the national oil corporation get privatised

A

1982

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10
Q

What were the effects of privatising the British National oil corporation

A

Seen as a step to far for people - she squandered a national asset for short term gain

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11
Q

What is popular capitalism

A

Belief that everyone should own property and shares in companies

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12
Q

What year did British Gas get privatised

A

1986

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13
Q

How much did selling British Gas raise

A

£5.4 billion

Sold cheaply to encourage normal people to buy shares

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14
Q

How much money was raised by privatisation

A

£19 million which made up for the tax cuts

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15
Q

How much did shareholding go up

A

From 3 mill in 79 to 11 mill 90s

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16
Q

What were the perks of selling off British telecoms

A

The waiting time for service was shortened from 6 months to 15 mins improving customer service

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17
Q

I’m 1990 what percentage of shareholders were individuals

A

20%

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18
Q

What percentage of unskilled men owned shares

A

9%

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19
Q

How many professional men owned shares

A

Half of all professional men

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20
Q

How many jobs were lost due to the privatisation of coal

A

200,000 jobs

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21
Q

What is deregulation

A

Removal of rules and regulations to encourage innovation and competition

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22
Q

What did the 1980 budget do

A

Made top rate income tax be cut from 83% to 60%

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23
Q

What did the 1988 budget do

A

Basic rate income tax was cut from 29% to 25% and the higher rate was cut to 40%

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24
Q

How much did the average tav bill rise between 1979 to 90

A

6%

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25
Why was there a decline in tax avoidance schemes
Cuz people thought they had less tax to pay however they rose indirect tax so top 5% still paid as much tax in 1988 with 40% income tax as they did at 83%
26
What did the 1980 employment act do
Ended ‘closed shops’ and sympathy strikes
27
What did the 1982 employment act
Unions could be sieud for illegal strike actions
28
What did the 1984 employment act
Strikes had to be approved by a majority of union members in a secret ballot
29
What years was the miner strike
1984 - 85
30
What was Scargills disapproval rate
79%
31
How much did trade union memberships fall between 79-90
15.5 mill in 1979 to 10 mill in 90s
32
How many days were lost to strike action between 1980 to 84
10.5 mill
33
How many days were lost in 90-94 due to strikes
0.8 million
34
How was the nation divided due to miner strikes ? Gvt vs miners
Gvt 65% miners 35%
35
how many civil servants were there originally before Thatchers job cuts
732000
36
what is MINIS
allowed the minister of environment to closely monitor the cost and inefficiencies of workers cut the unwanted
37
how many of the minter of environments workers where fired in 3 years
1/4
38
by 1988 how many civil servants were sacked? and how much did this save the gvt?
22.5% £1 billion
39
what did the 1985 local gvt act allow
allowed Thatcher to abolish councils that fought against her. cut gvt spending on local councils from 60% to 49% and introduced rate caps to stop dependency and the councils plugging the holes left by thatcher's benefits scheme.
40
what local council did thatcher cripple
Greater London council
41
what did the poll tax do
made the poor and rich pay the same depending on how many people lived in your house. this paid for local services. - didn't go down well.
42
what was the right to buy act 1980
aimed to stop reliance on local gvt by cutting gvt spending on property maintenance. allowed people to by council houses at a a discounted price - poorest in society found it harder to get housing.
43
how many houses where bought due to the right to buy scheme
204,000
44
between 1980-87 how much did spending on the nhs rise
60%
45
what was the 1989 'working for the patients'
the internal; market of a hospital, made to be more a business with quality of care decreasing and cost of mangers rising.
46
how much did spending on nhs mangers rise to
£383.8 million from £25.7 million
47
in 1996 how many nhs trusts where in debt
34
48
how many beds where lost in 1990-94
2%
49
how much did gvt spending on the nhs rise to by 1996
from 12% in 1979 to 15% in 1996
50
what did the 1988 education act do
made the national curriculum compulsory
51
what year did the new syllabus come out
1986
52
how were schools made into businesses after the 1988 education act (3 examples)
key stages with examinations at the end results of test used in leauge tables parnets to hold school to standards look at which school is the best
53
what are the negatives to the schools being ran like a business due to the 1988 education act
the better schools became over subscribed the prices of housing in the catchment areas for these schools rose making it harder for the poorest in society to go to good schools.
54
how many seats did Scotland give conservatives in 1979
21 seats
55
how many seats did conservatives win in Scotland in 1997
0 seats
56
what lead to voting turnout falling due to thatcher
thatchers use of outside advisers rather then career civil servants.
57
how many politicans had uni degrees in 1918 compared to 2010
rose from 40% to 75%
58
what fraction of labour MPs from manual worker background in 1945
1/3
59
what fraction of labour MPs from manual worker background in 2010
1/10
60
how much did the bottom 10% save in terms how much they spend on income tax in 1989
£400 million
61
how much has legal backgrounds of mps declined since 1979- 97
70% to 30%
62
how much did the top 10% save in terms of income tax in 1989
£9.3
63
how much did income support fall by the end of thatcher
61% to 53%
64
what percentage of pensioners where on poverty line by the end of thacther
from 13% to 43%
65
how much did average income increase for the rich in 1979- 92
61%
66
how much did the poor income tax decrease in 1779- 92
18%
67
what percentage of middel class votedconservative in 1987
55%
68
what was the impact of middel class voters being divided in terms of voting conseratives in 1987
it was the lowest number of voters from the middle class towards conservatives since 1918
69
what ares got richer regional in thatchers time
london and se
70
what where enterprise zones
private ares where firms recieved gvt funding to move to the north and generate econmic growth.
71
what was heaths u-turn
where heath did the opposite of his manifesto and u turned on his orginal ideas
72
how did thatcher americanise politics
Conferences, media
73
how did john major follow thatcher
privatisaton of rail, lower tax,
74
what year did rail get privitised by major
1994- 97
75
how much was basic income tax reduced to by the end of major
25% to 23% 1997
76
what percentage of MPs educated at public schools between 74-87
75% to 66
77
why did the education on mps have an impact on conseravtive party
meant they looked less posh and looked relateble to middle class voters
78
how many female mps where there at the start and end of thatcher
19 to 41
79
What statistics made it clear to labour that they needed to change
1983 they only got 28% of votes
80
what was labour 1983 manifesto called
longest suicide note in history
81
why did the labours 1983 manifesto not go down well
looked out of touch - looney left proposed ideas that didnt help the british eg scapping nucleur weapons, and withdrawal from EEC instead of high unemployment and riot help.
82
who was micheal foot
the leader of labour in 1980s
83
why was michael foot disliked
seen as a scruffy socialist who wasnt able to appeal to the orindary voter
84
how did the right to buy act 1980 affect labours voters
60% of their voters now voted for cons due to the aspiration WC
85
what was the 'gang of four'
1981 labour members breaking away ad making the SDP making labour have another opponant
86
how did thatcher describe Tony Blair
her greatest legacy
87
how did Blair change labour into a thatcher mould
ending and rejecting nationalism continuing low taxation embracing the free market limiting tu power
88
how did labour stay somewhat different to conservatives in the 1990s
promoted inclusiveness equal distribuation of opportunies rather than wealth, committed to the mininum wage of 1988, invested in education
89
what merged to make the liveral democrats in 1983
liberals + SDP
90
why did liberals and SDP merge in 1983
SDP unable to capitalise and a need for a central left party
91
what were the liberal democrates about in the 1980s
pro european and seen as socially liberal

History Unit 1 (2 decks)

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