Thai Consonants, Vowels and Tones Flashcards
What’s in the Mid Tone Consonant group?
Can you say it out loud?
Gor Gài (chicken) Jor Jaan (plate)
Dor Dè’k (child) Dor Chá-dàa (crown)
Dtor Dtào (turtle) Dtor Bpà-dtùk (goad)
Bor Bai-mái (leaf) Bpor Bplaa (fish)
Or Àang
What’s in the Mid Tone Consonant Group?
Can you write them in Thai script?
กจ
ด ฎ
ต ฏ
บปอ
What’s in the Nasal Tone Consonant group?
Can you say it out loud?
Mor Máa (horse) Ngor Nguu (snake)
Nor Nŭu (rat) Nor Naen (novice monk)
Wor Wăen (ring)
Yor Yúk (ogre) Yor Yĭng (woman)
Ror Ruea (boat)
Lor Ling (monkey) Lor Jù-laa (kite)
What’s in the Nasal Tone Consonant group?
Can you write it in Thai script?
ม
ง
ย ญ
น ณ
วร ล
ฬ
What’s in the Twin Rising Tone Consonant group?
Can you say it out loud?
Pŏr Pûeng(freind)
Fŏr Fǎa(lid)
Tŏr Tŏong (bag) Tŏr Tăan (base)
Kŏr Kài (eggs) Kŏr Kùad (bottle)
Sŏr Sŭea (tiger) Sŏr Săa-laa (pavillion)
Sŏr Rue-sĕe (hermit)
Chŏr Chìng (cymbals) Hŏr Hèeb (chest)
What’s in the Twin Mid Tone Consonant group?
Can you say it out loud?
Por Paan(tray) Por Sŭm-pao(junk boat)
For Fun (teeth)
Tor Tá-hăan(soldier) Tor To’ng (To’ng means flag)
Tor Mo’n-to(female character) Tor Pûu-Tâo(old person)
Kor Kwaay(water buffalo) Kor Ko’n (person) - obsolete
Kor Rá-kung (bell) Sor Sô (chain)
Chor Cháang (elephant) Chor Ga-cher (tree)
Hor Nó’k~hûuk (owl)
What’s in the Twin Rising Tone Consonant group?
Can you write them in Thai script?
ผ
ฝ
ถ ฐ
ข ฃ
ส ศ ษ
ห
ฉ
What’s in the Twin Mid Tone Consonant group?
Can you write them in Thai script?
พ
ฟ
ท ธ ฑ ฒ
ค ฅ ฆ
ซ
ฮ
ช ฌ
A dead syllable never has a ____ tone.
A dead syllable never has a mid tone.
How many mid tone consonant letters are there?
How many mid tone consonant sounds are there?
There are 9 mid tone consonant letters but there are only 7 mid tone consonant sounds.
How many nasal mid tone consonant letters are there?
How many sounds?
There are 10 nasal mid tone consonant letters but there are only 7 sounds.
How many twin risng tone consonant letters are there?
How many sounds?
7
11
How many twin mid tone consonant letters are there?
How many sounds?
7
14
What are hard vs soft sound consonant letters?
Soft (Nasal) sound final consonant
letters are ง ย ญ น ณ ม ร ล ฬ ว.
The rest are hard sound letters.
What 3 classes of consonants?
Which consonants are included in each class?
Mid class : ก จ ด ฎ ต ฏ บ ป อ
High class : ข ฃ ฉ ถ ฐ ผ ฝ ส ศ ษ ห
Low class : ค ฅ ฆ ช ฌ ท ฑ ธ ฒ พ ภ ฟ ซ ฮ - ม ง ย ญ น ณ ว ร ล ฬ
What are 3 groups of consonants?
Which are included in each group?
Mid tone consonants : ก จ ด ฎ ต ฏ บ ป อ
Nasal Mid tone consonants : ม ง ย ญ น ณ ว ร ล ฬ
Twin consonants (Rising and Mid tone) : ข ฃ ฉ ถ ฐ ผ ฝ ส ศ ษ ห - ค ฅ ฆ ช ฌ ท ฑ ธ ฒ พ ภ ฟ ซ ฮ
What are the 18 single vowels?
Can you write them in Thai script?
- ะ -า -ิ -ี -ึ -ือ
- ุ - ู เ-ะ เ- แ-ะ แ-
โ-ะ โ- เ-าะ -อ เ-อะเ- อ
What are the 18 Single Vowels?
Can you say them out loud?
a/u, aa i/ee ue/uee
u/oo, uu e’, ay/e ae’, ae
o’, o or’, or er’, er
What are the 6 combined vowels?
Can you write them in Thai script?
เ-ียะ เ-ีย
เ-ือะ เ-ือ
-ัวะ -ัว
What are the 6 combined vowels?
Can you say them out loud?
ea’ ea
uea’ uea
ua’ ua
What are the 4 extra vowels in Thai?
Can you write them in Thai script?
ำ ไ- ใ- เ-า
What are the 4 extra vowels in Thai?
Can you say them out loud?
um
ai
ao
What are 4 important elements in Thai syllables?
They are main consonants, vowels, final consonants and tones.
All extra vowel letters have a ______ sound.
(Long/Short)
All extra vowel letters have a short sound.
All extra vowel letters are a ______sound.
(live/dead0
All extra vowel letters are a live sound even though the vowel sound is a short vowel sound
How many consonant letters are there in Thai script?
How many consonant sounds?
How many Vowel symbols are there in Thai script?
How many Vowel forms?
44
21
15
28
How many final consonant sounds are there?
There are 8 final consonant sounds.
What are the 8 final consonants?
Can you say them out loud?
ก K ด D
บ B ง NG
ม M น N
ย Y ว W
What are the final consonants?
Can you write them in Thai script?
k - ก ข ค ฆ
d - จ ด ต ถ ฐ ท ธ ฎ ฏ
ฑ ฒ ช ซ ศ ษ ส
b- บ ป พ ภ ฟ
n- น ณ ญ ร ล ฬ
m-ม, ng-ง, y-ย; w-ว
Soft final consonant sound letter = _______ syllable
(Live/Dead)
Hard final consonant sound letter = _______ syllable
(Live/Dead)
Soft final consonant sound letter = Live syllable
Hard final consonant sound letter = Dead syllable
How many final consonant sound is there in one word?
And how many final consonant letters?
There is only one final sound in each syllable or word.
However, there can be more than
one final consonant letter when written, usually in loan words.
What is ์ called?
It’ called a silent symbol, located above a
final consonant letter to indicate that you must not pronounce that letter.
Can you write the silent symbol in Thai script?
์
Word’s spelt with an extra vowel letter ______ have a final consonant letter.
(can/cannot)
Word’s spelt with an extra vowel letter can’t have a final consonant letter.
–ะ = __ –ือ=__
เ–ะ=__ แ–ะ=__
เ–าะ=__อ เ–อ=__
–ัว=__
–ะ = –ั –ือ=–ื
เ–ะ=เ–็ แ–ะ=แ–็
เ–าะ=–็อ เ–อ=เ–ิ
–ัว=–ว
Can you compelte the follwoing table:-
HC MC LC
Live ____ _____ _____
Dead Long Vowel ____ _____ _____
Short Vowel ____ _____ _____
HC MC LC
Live Rising Mid Mid
Dead Long Vowel Low Low Falling
Short Vowel Low Low High
Can you complete the following table:-
-่ -้ -๊ -๋
HC ___ ___ ___ ___
MC ___ ___ ___ ___
LC ___ ___ ___ ___
-่ -้ -๊ -๋
HC Low Falling High Rising
MC Low Falling High Rising
LC Falling High High Rising
What is a live syllable?
What is a dead syllable?
Live - A syllable ends with long vowels or any Nasal group consonants.
Dead - A syllable ends with anything else.
Which consonants are included in the Lower Class Consonants?
Can you write them in Thai script?
Low class : ค ฅ ฆ ช ฌ ท ฑ ธ ฒ พ ภ ฟ ซ ฮ
- ม ง ย ญ น ณ ว ร ล ฬ
Which consonants are included in the Mid Class Consonants?
Can you write them in Thai script?
Mid class :
ก จ ด ฎ ต ฏ บ ป อ
Which consonants are included in the High Class Consonants?
Can you write them in Thai script?
High class :
ข ฃ ฉ ถ ฐ ผ ฝ ส ศ ษ ห
Can you complete the following table:
-่ -้ -๊ -๋ Live Dead
Long V Short V
LC __ __ __ __ __ __ __
MC __ __ __ __ __ __
HC __ __ __ __ __ __
-่ -้ -๊ -๋ Live Dead
Long V Short V
LC F H H R M F H
MC L F H R M L
HC L F H R H L
Can you list the 8 possible scenarioss for a low tone?
- Mid+Dead; 2. Mid+Live+อ่
- High+Dead; 4. High+Live+อ่
- อ+Nasal+Dead 6. อ+Nasal+Live+อ่
- ห+Nasal+Dead 8.ห+Nasal+Live+อ่
Can you list the 2 possible scenarioss for a mid tone?
- Low+Live
- Mid+Live
Can you list the 4 possible scenarioss for a high tone?
- Low+Open, Short
- Low+Closed Dead, Short
- Low+Any+อ้
- Mid+Any++อ๊
Can you list the 3 possible scenarioss for a rising tone?
- High+Live
- Mid+Any+อ๋
- ห+Nasal+Live
What are the 5 possible scenarios for a falling tone?
- Low+Closed dead, long vowel
- Low+Any+อ่
- ห+Nasal+Live+อ้
- Mid+any+อ้
- High+any+อ้
What are the 3 inherent vowels?
The inherent vowel -ะ : À in open syllables
The inherent vowel -อ : Or in open syllables
The inherent vowel โ-ะ : O’ in closed syllables
MC/HC (1st Syllable + inherent -ะ) +
Nasal Consonant (2nd Syllable),
what you need to do? (ห)
You must add the tone letter ห in that syllable.
Main Consonant (+inherent -อ)+
Nasal consonant,
what do you need to do? (ห)
You must add the tone letter ห in that syllable.
Consonant clusters occur when a main consonant of a syllable is followed by a
consonant cluster __ , __ or __.
Consonant clusters occur when a main consonant of a syllable is followed by a
consonant cluster ร , ล or ว.
What are ture consonant clusters?
True Consonant Clusters is when the consonant clusters ร , ล and ว are used
in a written syllable and it is pronounced.
A cluster ร , only used after the following 7 main consonant letters: ____________________
ร: ข ค พ ผ ก ป ต
A cluster ล , only used after the following 6 main consonant letters______________________
ข ค พ ผ ก ป
A cluster ว , only used after the following 3 main consonant letters ____________.
ก ข ค
What’s the definition of fake consonant clusters?
The definition of Fake Consonant Clusters is when the consonant cluster ร is used in a written
syllable but it is not pronounced.
A cluster ร is not pronounced when used after the following 4 main consonant letters:-_____________.
A cluster ร is not pronounced when used after a main consonant letter จ ซ ศ ส
A cluster ร used after a main consonant letter ท becomes ทร in spelling but it is pronounced _____.
A cluster ร used after a main consonant letter ท becomes ทร in spelling but it is pronounced ซ
What are Ligature characters?
Ligature is ;
• a character consisting of two or more joined letters, e.g., æ, fl . or a stroke that joins adjacent
letters in writing or printing.
What’s pronunciation for ligature character ฤ?
what’s the posiiton in a word for the ligature character ฤ?
Pronunciation = รึ (or) ริ
Position in a word = ฤ–, –ฤ
What’s pronunciation for ligature character ฤ+?
what’s the posiiton in a word for the ligature character?
Pronunciation = รือ
Position in a word= ?-
What’s pronunciation for ligature character ร?
what’s the posiiton in a word for the ligature character?
Pronunciation: ออน
Position in a word: –ร
What’s pronunciation for ligature character รร?
what’s the posiiton in a word for the ligature character?
Pronunciation: -ะ + น; -ะ
Position in a word:–รร; –รร
Are Thai ligature characters considered as vowels or consonants?
Thai ligature characters ฤ (plus ฦ , which are obsolete) are usually considered vowels, the
first being a short vowel sound, and the latter, long.
___ can act as ริ as an integral part in many words mostly borrowed from Sanskrit
ฤ can act as ริ as an integral part in many words mostly borrowed from Sanskrit
