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TH6301 > TH6301 - Exam 2 > Flashcards

TH6301 - Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Ebionism - deity

A

Denied the real or ontological deity of Jesus

Had God’s presence. “Christ” withdrew from him at the end.

Derived from the word “poor”. Applied to all Xs, then Jewish Xs, then heretics

Traced to Judaizing movements within the apostolic or NT community

Rejected or denied the authority of Paul’s letters

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2
Q

Arianism - deity

A

Absolute uniqueness and transcendence of God.

Father alone is uncreated and eternal.

The Word (Jesus) is created, although the first and highest of the beings.

The Son has no communion with or even direct knowledge of the Father

Jesus “first-born” actually means first in rank, or preeminent.

Passages referring to weakness, ignorance, or suffering confirm the incarnation

Arius - Alexandrian presbyter

Still lingers as Jehovah Witnesses

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3
Q

Functional Christology

A

An emphasis on what Jesus did rather than upon what he is.

Claims to work on the basis of purely NT grounds rather than metaphysical

Oscar Cullmann - “Christology of the New Testament”

salvation history (Heilsgeschichte) - used as an organizing principle.

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4
Q

Docetism - humanity

A

Jesus only appeared to be human

dokeo - to seem or appear

Based on Greek assumption of Platonic and Aristotelian philosophies.

Matter is morally bad so Jesus couldn’t be human

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5
Q

Nestorianism

A

Split the God-man into two distinct persons

Think in terms of “conjunction” rather than “union”

Nestorius

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6
Q

Eutychianism

A

Two natures before the incarnation, one after

Humanity of Jesus was so absorbed into the deity as to be eliminated.

Form of Docetism

Rejected at the “Robber Synod”

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7
Q

Adoptionism

A

Jesus was merely human and at some point (baptism?) was adopted by God.

Human becoming God instead of God becoming human

preexistence, prebirth narrative, virgin birth are obstacles

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8
Q

Anhypostatic Christology

A

Humanity of Jesus was impersonal and had no independent subsistence. The divine Word was not united with an individual person.

Jesus had no individual human personality

Absurd - Word became united with the whole human race or with human nature
Apollinarianism

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9
Q

Kenoticism

A

The incarnation consisted of an exchange of part of the divine nature for human characteristics

Similar to modalistic monarchianism in that Jesus was God or man

Ongoing incarnation argues against

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10
Q

Dynamic Incarnation

A

The active presence of of the power of God within the person of Jesus

Similar to dynamic monarchianism

Against - preexistence, uniqueness of sonship

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11
Q

Chalcedon council

A

Affirmed the Nicene Creed

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12
Q

Two main types of Christology

A

Word-flesh
Word is major element of Christ and soul is mostly unimportant

Word-man
less sure the Word was dominant and affirmed complete human nature

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13
Q

Six Biblical Evidences for the deity of Christ

A

Jesus’s Self-Consciousness

The Gospel of John

Hebrews

Paul

The Term “Lord” - Kurios - Lord

The Evidence of the Resurrection

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14
Q

Four implications of the deity of Christ

A

We can have real knowledge of God.

Redemption is available to us.

God and humanity have been reunited

Worship of Christ is appropriate

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15
Q

Aspects of Jesus’ humanity

A

Jesus had a human body

Was fully and genuinely human psychologically

He had remarkable knowledge

He had a “human religious life”

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16
Q

Sinlessness of Jesus

A

Claimed explicitly and implicitly to be righteous.

Gospels confirm his sinlessness

Jesus could have sinned but it was certain he would not. The person who resists knows the full force of temptation

Jesus was true humanity. Not spoiled and corrupted like us.

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17
Q

Implications of the humanity of Jesus

A

The atoning death of Jesus can truly avail for us

Jesus can truly sympathize with and intercede for us

Jesus manifests the true nature of humanity

Jesus can be our example

Human nature is good

God is not totally transcendent

18
Q

Basic Tenets of the Doctrine of Two Natures in One Person

A

The incarnation was more an addition of human attributes than a loss of divine attributes.

The union of the two natures meant that they did not function independently.

In thinking about the incarnation, we must begin not with the traditional conceptions of humanity and deity, but with the recognition that the two are most fully known in Jesus.

It is important to think of the initiative of the incarnation as coming from above, as it were, rather than below.

It is also helpful to think of Jesus as a very complex person.

19
Q

Six categories of Christological heresies

A

Deny the genuineness of Jesus’s deity - Ebionism

Deny the completeness of Jesus’s deity - Arianism

Deny the genuineness of Jesus’s humanity - Docetism

Deny the completeness of Jesus’s humanity - Apollinarianism

Divide his person - Nestorianism

Confuse his natures - Eutychianism

20
Q

Objections to the Virgin Birth

A

Unexpected Ignorance regarding the Virgin Birth

The possibility of the virgin birth precluding full humanity

Parallels in other religions

Incompatibility with the preexistence of Christ

Conflict with Natural Law - no miracles

21
Q

Why is pneumatology important?

A

The Holy Spirit is the point at which the Trinity becomes personal to the believer.

The work of the Spirit is more prominent in our time than the other members of the Trinity

Our culture stresses the experiential and it is primarily through the Spirit that we feel God’s presence within and the Christian life is given a special tangibility.

22
Q

Four factors that may make pneumatology more difficult than others

A

We have less explicit revelation in the Bible regarding the Spirit than about the Father or Son

There is a lack of concrete imagery.

During this present era, the Spirit performs a ministry of serving the Father and the Son, carrying out their will

Discussion of the Spirit can lead to dissension. In certain circles “charisma” is a badge of prestige and in others a stigma.

23
Q

Clement of Rome

A

coordinated the three members of the Trinity in an oath. - “as the Father lives, the Son lives, the Spirit lives”

All three poured out on us.

24
Q

Origen

A

spoke of the Bible as “written by the Holy Spirit”

moved from the view of the Spirit as part of an ontological Trinity

Spirit is the “most honorable of all beings brought into existence by the Word”

Distinguished the three to almost be tritheism

25
Q

Athanasius

A

Responded to the Tropici

insisted the Spirit is fully divine and consubstantial with the Father and Son

refuted poor exegesis, showed Scripture teaches the Spirit is part of the “Triad”, and showed the teacher makes us “partakers with God”

26
Q

The Tropici

A

derived from tropos meaning “figure”

Engaged in figurative exegesis of Scripture

maintained the Spirit was a creature brought into existence out of nothing

Regarded him as an angel of the highest rank

27
Q

Basil

A

Wrote De Spiritu Sancto (375)

insisted the same glory, honor, and worship given to the Father and the Son must also be given to the Spirit

“reckoned with”, no “reckoned below”

28
Q

Montanus

A

at his baptism spoke in tongues and began prophesying

declared this was through the Paraclete giving utterance through him

29
Q

Filioque

A

“from the Son” - as a stand against Arianism

30
Q

John Calvin

A

Focused on the authority of the Scriptures

Neither the church, nor the force of other external sources but the inward witness of the Spirit is the ultimate basis for our confidence in the divine nature of the Bible

31
Q

John Wesley

A

sanctification - a special instantaneous work of sanctification

similar to “baptism of the Holy Spirit” as understood by Pentecostals

32
Q

Charles Parham

A

head of a small Bible school in Topeka that assigned his students to study the baptism of the Holy Spirit during his absence

Layed hands on Agnes Ozman

33
Q

Agnes Ozman

A

Student of Parham. Requested he lay hands on her in the biblical fashion.

She prayed in tongues. Some say beginning of modern Pentecostal movement

34
Q

William Seymour

A

black holiness preacher. Azusa Street meetings

real outbreak of Pentecostalism

first movement among the poor

35
Q

Pentecostalism

A

formed definite denominational groups of mostly poor

a ‘sect’

many praying aloud at once

36
Q

Charismatic Movement

A

more of a transdenominational movement drawing from the middle and upper classes

a ‘church’

many practice in privacy

37
Q

Third Wave

A

Placed more emphasis on healing and spiritual discernment

insists on the evidential value of the miracles - “power evangelism”

38
Q

John Wimber

A

Fuller professor who taught “Signs and Wonders” class

Began the “third wave”

took institutional form in “the Vineyard”

39
Q

Four Arguments for the deity of the Spirit

A

Various references to the Holy Spirit are interchangeable with references to God.

The Spirit possesses the attributes or qualities of God

The Spirit performs certain works that are commonly ascribed to God

Spirit associated with the Father and the Son on a basis of apparent equality

40
Q

Four Arguments for the personhood of the Spirit

A

The use of the masculine pronoun in representing him. (pneuma is neuter)

The number of passages where he and his work are closely identified with various persons and their work

Possesses certain personal characteristics - intelligence, will, and emotions

The Spirit is engages in moral actions and ministries that can be performed only by a person

41
Q

Four implications of the doctrine of the Spirit

A

Is a person, not a vague force

Being fully divine, is to be accorded the same honor and respect that we give the Father and the Son.

Is one with the Father and the Son

God is not far off.

42
Q

Apollinarianism

A

Jesus took on flesh but did not have a human soul. His soul was divine.

TH6301 (2 decks)

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