TFN Grand Theories 6F Flashcards
PHILOSOPHY & SCIENCE OF CARING
- A caring environment is one that offers the development of potential while allowing the person to choose the best action for himself or herself at a given point in time.
- Caring is more “healthogenic” than is curing. A science of caring is complementary to the science of curing.
Jean Watson
ENVIRONMENTAL THEORY
Contains three major relationships:
▪ Environment to Patient
▪ Nurse to Environment
▪ Nurse to Patient
Theory of the five essential components of
environmental health
▪ pure air
▪ pure water
▪ efficient drainage
▪ cleanliness
▪ light
THEORETICAL ASSERTIONS: Disease was a reparative process; disease was nature’s effort to remedy a process of poisoning or decay, or a
reaction against the conditions in which a
person was placed.
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
SYSTEM MODELS
- A member of the Sisters of Saint Joseph of
Carondelet - Sees the individual as a set of interrelated
systems who strives to maintain a balance
between various stimuli.
SISTER CALLISTA ROY
- A nurse, educator, health counselor,
therapist, author, speaker, and
researcher - Designed a nursing conceptual model to
expand students’ understanding of client
variables beyond the medical field.
BETTY NEUMAN
SELF-CARE DEFICIT THEORY OF NURSING
- Has a strong health promotion and
maintenance focus. - Suggested the development of applied
nursing science and basic, non-nursing
sciences as part of the empirical evidence
and knowledge base to be associated with
nursing practice.
DOROTHEA OREM
INTERACTING SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK AND THEORY OF
THE GOAL
- A pioneer in Nursing Theory
Development - Identified multiple concepts used by
nurses to describe nursing.
IMOGENE KING
BEHAVIORAL SYSTEM MODEL
- She held a strong conviction that continuing
improvement of care was the ultimate goal of
nursing - Nursing is an external regulatory force which acts
to preserve the organization and integration of the
patient’s behaviors at an optimum level under
those conditions in which the behavior constitutes
a threat to the physical or social health, or in which
illness is found.
DOROTHY JOHNSON
CONCEPTUAL MODEL: THE HELPING ART OF CLINICAL
NURSING
- Concentrated on the art of nursing and
focused on the needs of the patient. - “People may differ in their concept of
nursing, but few would disagree that
nursing is nurturing or caring for someone in a motherly fashion.”
ERNESTINE WIEDENBACH
CONSERVATION MODEL
- The model stresses NURSING interactions and multiple intervention are intended to promote adaptation and maintain wholeness.
- Nursing care is based on scientific knowledge and nursing skills.
MYRA ESTRIN LEVINE
CARE, CORE, CURE MODEL
- Defined NURSING as: “Participation in Care,
Core and Cure aspects of patient care, where CARE is the sole function of nurses, whereas the CORE and CURE are shared with other members of the health team.” - Professional nursing care hastened recovery and that as less medical care was needed,
LYDIA HALL
THE SCIENCE OF UNITARY HUMAN BEINGS
- NURSING is a learned profession, both a Science and an Art.
- Nursing exists for the care of people and the life process of humans.
MARTHA ROGERS
NURSING AS CARING: A MODEL FOR TRANSFORMING
PRACTICE
- The focus of nursing is nurturing persons living
caring and growing in caring. As an expression of nursing, caring is the intentional and authentic
presence of the nurse with another person who is recognized as living caring and growing in
caring. - The most basic premise of the theory is that all human are caring persons, that to be human is to be called to live one’s innate caring nature.
Developing the full potential of expressing caring is an ideal and for practical purposes, is
a lifelong process.
ANN BOYKIN & SAVINA
SCHOENHOFFER
THEORY OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS
- Mother of Psychiatric Nursing
- Promoted professional standards of nursing regulation through credentials.
- Introduced the “nurse-patient
relationship” and the concept of
advanced nursing practice.
HILDEGARD PEPLAU
FOURTEEN BASIC HUMAN NEEDS
- Envisioned the practice of nursing as
independent from practice of physicians. - Famous for her definition of nursing
VIRGINIA HENDERSON
TYPOLOGY OF TWENTY-ONE NURSING PROBLEMS
- Views nursing as both an art and a science that
molds the attitude, intellectual competencies
and technical skills of the individual nurse to
help people (well or ill) cope with their health
needs. - Based on the problem-solving method (vehicle
for delineating nursing problems as the patient
moves toward a healthy outcome). - Progressed to a second-generation development of patient problems and patient
outcomes.
FAYE GLENN ABDELLAH
NURSING PROCESS THEORY
- The first NURSE to develop a theory from actual nurse-patient situations.
- NURSING PROCESS - observation, perception, feeling, action
IDA JEAN ORLANDO-PELLETIER
HUMAN-TO-HUMAN RELATIONSHIP THEORY
- Psychiatric nurse and educator
-Synthesized unique ideas on the therapeutic human relationship between NURSE and PATIENT
JOYCE TRAVELBEE
HUMANISTIC NURSING THEORY
-The theory revolves around everyone being their own
unique person and how the nurse should understand
that. No person or experience is the same.
- The conceptual framework of the theory is existentialism, and it presents a phenomenological
method of inquiry that can be used by nurses to examine
and understand their everyday practice.
JOSEPHINE PATERSON &
LORETTE ZDERAD
CULTURE CARE THOERY OF DIVERSITY AND
UNIVERSALITY
- Culturally based care (caring) is essential for well-being, health, growth, and survival and to face handicaps or death.
-Goal of the Theory: To improve and to provide culturally
congruent care to people that is beneficial, will fit with,
and will be useful to the client, family or culture group
healthy lifeways.
MADELIENE LENNINGER
THEORY OF HUMAN BECOMING
- Culturally based care (caring) is essential for Created the theory on human becoming to guide nurses to focus on quality of life from each person’s own perspective as the goal of nursing.
-It presents an alternative to most of the other theories of nursing, which take a bio-medical or bio-psychosocial-spiritual approach.
-The three major assumptions about human becoming are:
Meaning
Rhythmicity
Transcendence
ROSEMARIE RIZZO PARSE
LIFE PERSPECTIVE RHYTHM MODEL
- Life perspective rhythm model is a complex nursing model which contribute to nursing knowledge by providing taxonomy for identifying and labeling nursing concepts to allow for their universal
recognition and communication with others.
-The process of human development is characterized by rhythms that occur within the context of continuous person-environment
interaction.”
JOYCE FITZPATRICK
- Cultural beliefs and practices
- Global health pandemic
- The expanding role of health care professionals
- Health, wellness, and safety in the workplace
- Moral, ethical, and legal consideration in health care practice.
CURRENT HEALTH CARE ISSUES
