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Prosthetics - Midterm > TF Prosthetic Components and Suspension Systems (1) > Flashcards

TF Prosthetic Components and Suspension Systems (1) Flashcards

1
Q

components

A

foot, ankle, shank

knee

socket

suspension

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2
Q

components –> foot, ankle, shank

A

same as for TT prosthesis

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3
Q

components –> knee

A

“heart” of the TF prosthesis

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4
Q

what is the prosthetics knee controlled by

A

hip mechanics and alignment of the prosthesis

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5
Q

fxn w/in the prosthetic knee

A

attaches shank/foot to socket

allows/controls flexion in swing phase and sitting

supports leg and allows for extension during stance

strong enough for kneeling

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6
Q

normal knee fxn

A

stability/stance

mobility/swing

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7
Q

stability/stance –> normal knee –> HS to MS

A

quads control eccentric/concentric

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8
Q

stability/stance –> normal knee –> MS to HO/PO

A

begin to flex knee as hip flexes

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9
Q

stability/stance –> normal knee –> where is max flexion

A

in stance

20 degrees

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10
Q

mobility/swing –> normal knee –> produced by

A

momentum and mm action

controlled by mm action

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11
Q

mobility/swing –> normal knee –> max flexion in swing

A

65 degrees

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12
Q

how would you describe a TF prosthetic knee joint (in order)

A

axis –> swing control –> stance control –> extension aide

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13
Q

knee joint axis

A

single or polycentric

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14
Q

single axis knee joint

A

rotation around one axis

hinge

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15
Q

advantages –> single axis

A

simple few moving parts

low cost

low maintenance

quiet, low weight

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16
Q

disadvantages –> single axis

A

poor cosmesis of gait

normal knee

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17
Q

polycentric axis

A

instant axis

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18
Q

advantages –> polycentric axis

A

inherent stability

normal appearance of knee motion

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19
Q

disadvantages –> polycentric axis

A

more complex mechanically

higher cost/weight

too stable late stance

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20
Q

swing control(list)

A

swing control

need for resistance

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21
Q

swing control

A

resistance to flexion and extension

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22
Q

in normal knee at the beginning of swing

A

knee is flexing to midswing then extends

forces acting on knee = mm and gravity

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23
Q

during acceleration –> swing

A

beginning of knee flexion d/t PO

gravity pulls knee down to resist flexion

quads resist flexion

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24
Q

mid-swing –> swing normal

A

gravity helps

muscles initiate extension

25
Q

deceleration –> swing normal

A

gravity pulling straight down resists extension, hamstrings eccentrically

26
Q

in the prosthetic knee

A

mm absent

must use mechanics to control knee flexion/extension

27
Q

need for resistance –> swing –> what would happen w/o resistance

A

get free swinging knee

okay if walking speed stays constant

28
Q

need for resistance –> swing –> if walking speed changes

A

heel rise will increase

time for knee to reach full extension will increase

leg may be in flexion at HS –> UNSAFE

29
Q

need for resistance –> swing –> what do need to decrease

A

heel rise during swing phase

30
Q

need for resistance –> swing –> what is the answer

A

friction

31
Q

swing control –> friction control

A

friction requirements vary at different points in the gait cycle

32
Q

swing control –> friction control –> when would you need the most friction

A

when mm would be the most active

33
Q

swing control –> friction control –> friction is

A

mechanical analogue of quads at HS

34
Q

swing control –> friction control –> where must friction be greatest

A

mid-swing

35
Q

types of frictional control

A

constant

variable

hydraulics

36
Q

constant –> frictional control

A

same level of friction throughout swing

37
Q

advantage of constant frictional control

A

simple

cheap

quiet

light

decrease m

38
Q

disadvantage of constant frictional control

A

not cadence responsive

doesnt have good cosmesis of swing w/ varying speeds of gait

adjusted 1 time to pt speed

39
Q

single axis and constant frictional control

A

single-axis constant friction w/ weight activated brake and extension assist

40
Q

what does the pt need to moderate –>single-axis constant friction w/ weight activated brake and extension assist

A

voluntary control of the prosthesis

41
Q

single-axis constant friction w/ weight activated brake and extension assist

A

single speed ambulation for basic ADLs

adjustable weight activated stance control for stability

42
Q

polycentric constant frictional force

A

pt needs low voluntary control

single speed walkers

limited community ambulation

43
Q

polycentric constant frictional force is good for

A

hip disarticulation

short transfemoral

hemipelvectomy pts

44
Q

variable frictional control

A

greater friction at beginning and end of swing

stimulating quad and HS control

45
Q

example of variable frictional control

A

mating surfaces provide for variable friction

46
Q

mating surfaces provide for variable friction –> extension to flexion

A

45-70 degrees

most friction

47
Q

mating surfaces provide for variable friction –> flexion to extension

A

90-10 degrees

little friction

10-0 degrees = most friction

48
Q

hydraulics –> frictional control

A

variable friction w/ hydraulics instead of mechanical friction

49
Q

what is resistance based on –> hydraulics

A

physical laws of fluid viscosity

50
Q

“the law” –> hydraulics

A

resistance to the flow of a fluid varies w/ the square of its velocity

51
Q

resistance –> hydraulics

A

varying resistance throughout swing

52
Q

example –> hydraulics

A

mauch

53
Q

resistance encountered is dependent upon –> hydraulics

A

types of oil used

rate of fluid flow

characteristics of channel

viscosity of fluid

54
Q

rate of fluid –> resistance encountered is dependent upon –> hydraulics

A

increase rate –> increase resist

decrease rate –> decrease assist

55
Q

stance control

A

normal knee

prosthetic knee

56
Q

normal knee –> stance control

A

quads at HS control knee to MS

later –> quads control flexion at HO and PO

57
Q

prosthetic knee stance

A

whats needed could be achieved via components/alignment

58
Q

prosthetic knee stance –> can align prosthesis w/

A

hip and ankle –> anterior to knee

create an extension moment at knee

59
Q

prosthetic knee stance –> how can the axis move

A

axis of the knee posterior

as done in polycentric through its changing axis

Prosthetics - Midterm (8 decks)

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