Tezt 2 practice Flashcards
A _____ is a Unified Modeling Language (UML) technique that visually represents the interaction between users and an information system.
use case diagram
What happens during the RAD user design phase?
users interact with systems analysts and develop models and prototypes that represent all system processes, outputs, and inputs.
The disadvantage of the four-model approach is that ____.
There is added time and cost needed to develop a logical and physical model of the current system.
In modular design, ____ also is called looping.
iteration
What is the process of drawing a series of increasingly detailed data flow diagrams (DFDs), until all functional primitives are identified.
leveling
What is the four-model approach?
develop a physical model of the current system, a logical model of the current system, a logical model of the new system, and a physical model of the new system.
A _____ is a central storehouse of information about a system’s data.
Data dictionary/repository
A _____ shows a logical structure, with all possible combinations of conditions and resulting actions.
decision table
Decision trees show the logic structure in what form?
horizontal form that resembles a tree with the roots at the left and the branches to the right
In a data dictionary, a(n) _____ is the smallest piece of data that has meaning within an information system.
field / data item/ data element
A(n) _____ is a specific member of a class.
instance
Cardinality describes what?
How instances of one class relate to instances of another class.
A _____ graphically documents a use case by showing the classes, the messages, and the timing of the messages.
sequence diagram
The Unified Modeling Language (UML) symbol for a use case is a(n) _____ with a label that describes the action or event.
oval
In a sequence diagram, a lifeline is identified by a _____ line.
dashed
Which concept refers to the mix of software tools, methods, and physical resources that an IT team uses to create an information system?
development environment
Traditional code was written in _____.
procedural programming languages (COBOL)
When studying an information system, examples of actual documents should be collected using a process called
sampling
In a(n) _____ structure, which usually is based on interpersonal relationships, some people have more influence or knowledge than appears on an organization chart.
informal
In addition to direct evaluations, systems developers must identify and document indirect expenses that contribute to the _____.
total cost of ownership (TCO)
John has finished compiling a list of the various members of the joint application development (JAD) group and the list is as follows: John is the JAD project leader, Tom is the representative from top management, Jennifer is a manager, Alen and Ian are users, Linda and Alex are systems analysts, and Clark is the recorder.
Who should provide feedback regarding how the project will support day-to-day tasks?
Alen and Ian
In a data dictionary, _____ refers to whether the data element contains numeric, alphabetic, or character values.
type
In a data dictionary, a(n) _____ is the smallest piece of data that has meaning within an information system.
field
In a data dictionary, _____ is the maximum number of characters for an alphabetic or character data element or the maximum number of digits and number of decimal positions for a numeric data element.
length
In a data dictionary, some data elements have _____ rules. For example, an employee’s salary must be within the range defined for the employee’s job classification.
validity
An object’s _____ are the tasks or functions that the object can perform.
methods
The line from the actor to the use case is called a(n) _____.
association
All objects within a(n) _____ share common attributes and methods.
class
The Unified Modeling Language (UML) symbol for a use case is a(n) _____ with a label that describes the action or event.
oval
_____ generally refers to a start-to-finish approach to planning, designing, developing, deploying, managing, and maintaining an information system.
Application life cycle management (ALM)
What are two non-procedural programming languages?
Java and Python are non-procedural, or event-driven, programming languages.
In data flow diagrams (DFDs), a process resembles a _____, where the inputs, outputs, and general functions of the process are known, but the underlying details are not shown.
Black box, this is because the inputs, outputs, and general functions of the process is known but any details and/or logic is hidden
Define encapsulation using the black box concept
A black box doesn’t want or need outside interference. It limits access to it’s internals. Thus preventing its internal code from being altered. Encapsulation lets objects get used as modular components anywhere, but do not alter the internal methods of other objects.
What is forward engineering?
translating business processes and functions into applications.
Data elements combine together into ____
records/ data structures | meaningful combination of related data elements.
