Textbook: Classification of Perio Instruments Flashcards
These instruments are used to locate, measure, and mark pockets, as well as determine their course on individual tooth surfaces
Perio Probes
These instruments are used to locate calculus deposits and caries
Explorers
These three instrument types are all used to remove biofilm and calcified deposits from the crown and root of a tooth. Removal of altered cementum from teh subgingival root surface, and debridement of the soft tissue lining the pockets.
Scaling, Root Planing, and Curettage
These are heavy instruments used to remove supragingival calculus
Sickle scalers
These are fine instruments used for subgingival scaling, root planing, and removal of the soft tissue lining the pocket
Curettes
Although their use is more limited than curettes, these instruments are used to remove tenacious subgingival calculus and altered cementum
Chisel
Hoe
File scalers
How does the WHO Perio probe differ from other designs? What markings does it have for measurement?
It has a small round ball at the tip of the blade
It has markings at 3.5, 8.5, and 11.5 mm
Black bar is betwee 3.5-5.5 mm
This curved, blunt perio probe is specially designed to exam furcations
Nabers probe
What markings can be found on the Nabers probe?
3, 6, 9, 12 mm
What is the marking scheme on the UNC 15 mm perio probe?
It has 15 mm marked in 1 mm increments with black bars at 5, 10, 15 mm
What explorer was Designed at ODU and is based on the Gracey 11/12?
EXD 11/12
The EXD has a small, fine tip and rounded back for what reasons?
Better adapted to interproximal and curved spaces
Easier insertion into deep and narrow pockets
What does the blade look like on a sickle scaler?
Flat surface with two cutting edges that converge in a sharply pointed tip
Does a sickle scaler work on a pull or push stroke?
Pull
Why is a sickle scaler limited to supragingival plaque?
Its large size and sharp cutting edges make it too difficult to insert into pocket without damaging soft tissues
Why are curettes the instrument of choice for removing deep subgingival calculus, root planing altered cementum, and removing the soft tissue lining the pocket
Because there only sharp edges are the cutting edges they do less damage to the soft tissues of the pocket
What are the two basic types of curettes?
Universal and Area Specific
Why are they called universal curettes?
Because they are designed to work in all areas pretty well, but are specialized for none
How do the curettes differ in the number of cutting blades and the blade angles
Universal: Two cutting edges, blade is curved in one place (up). Blade is 90 degrees to shank
Area Specific: One cutting edge, blade is curved up and to the side. The blade is offset 60 degrees from shank
What is the name of the universal curette at VCU
Columbia 4R/4L (SC 4R/4L)
What is the name of the Scaler we use at VCU
SH5/33 #6
What 3 Area Specific Curettes do we use at VCU
Gracey 1/2
Gracey 9/10
Gracey 11/12
Gracey 12/13
What area is the 1/2 designed for?
Anterior Teeth
What area is the 9/10 designed for
All anterior teeth, often only lingual
Posterior teeth: lingual and facial (Circumferential)
What area is the 11/12 designed for
Posterior Teeth: Mesial, Facial, and Lingual Surfaces
What are is the 12/13 designed for
Posterior Teeth: Distal
How do after five curettes differ from the standard gracey curettes?
The terminal shank is 3 mm longer allowing for easier access to pockets deeper than 5 mm
They also have thinner blades
How do mini five curettes differ from after five and standard curettes
The blade is 1/2 the length for easier access in deep, narrow pockets, furcations, etc.
What teeth are sickle scalers (SH5/33) especially good for?
Mandibular anterior teeth
How is the universal curette (Columbia) used?
It is leaned to the mesial or distal surface to establish an angle between 45 and 90 degrees
What teeth can the universal curette be used on?
Any posterior tooth, on the mesial and distal surfaces
How is the shank aligned with the tooth when using an area specific curette?
Shank should be parallel with long axis
What is the optimal angle between cutting edge and tooth
about 70-80 degrees
What are the first three steps to instrumentation
- Pick the correct end
- Find good finger rests
- May insert at angle and then activate
What are the three basic stroke directions
- Vertical
- Oblique
- Horizontal
What is the scaling stroke?
Short, powerful stroke to remove calculus
What is the root-planing stroke?
Moderate to light pull stroke used for final smoothing and planing
What instruments should be used for furca, deep pockets, narrow access, etc?
After five
mini five
