Textbook - Chapter 3 + 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is interpolation?

A

mathematical method of creating missing data

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2
Q

what are the 4 principal components of a computer?

A

input, output, central processing unit and memory

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3
Q

what are examples of input devices?

A

keyboard, mouse, touch-sensitive plasma screen, and CT detector mechanism

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4
Q

what are examples of output devices?

A

monitor, laser camera, printer and archiving equipment

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5
Q

what is the cpu?

A

the part of the system that interprets the computer program instructions and sequence tasks

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6
Q

what are the three principle types of solid-state memory?

A
  1. rom
  2. ram
  3. worm
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7
Q

which type of solid-state memories are part of the system’s primary memory?

A
  1. rom
  2. ram
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8
Q

what are rom used for?

A
  • imprinted at the factory
  • stores frequently used instructions to start the system
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9
Q

what are ram used for?

A
  • has instructions that are frequently changed
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10
Q

image reconstruction

A

use of raw data to create an image

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11
Q

attenuation profile

A

system accounting for the attenuation properties of each ray sum and correlating it with the position of the ray

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12
Q

ray

A

path the x-ray beam takes from tube to detector

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13
Q

ray sum

A

detector senses each arriving ray and measure how much of the beam has been attenuated

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14
Q

views

A

compete set of ray sums

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15
Q

back projection

A

compilation of information from all the attenuation profiles to create an image

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16
Q

what are some drawbacks to back projection?

A

it produces a streak artifact in a star pattern

17
Q

how do you minimize streak artifacts?

18
Q

filters are applied to only ______ data.

19
Q

SFOV

A

determines the area that the raw data is acquired

20
Q

out-of-field artifacts

A

when parts of the patient is outside the SFOV causing inaccuracies in the images

21
Q

DFOV

A

section of data selected to be displayed on the image

22
Q

too large DFOV = image to be _______

23
Q

small images due to too large of a DFOV will result in?

A
  • more data in each pixel = decrease in spatial resolution
24
Q

CT display monitor

A

used to display patient information, scan protocol data, provides many graphic aids to assist in image interpretation

25
DAC
digital to analog converters
26
what do DACs do?
change the digital signal from computer memory back to analog so the image can be displayed on the monitor
27
multiformat cameras
transfers images displayed on monitors to film
28
laser cameras
bypasses putting the image onto the display monitor and transfers it directly to the film
29
window width
determines the quantity of HUs represented as shades of gray on a specific image
30
if the value is higher than the selected range of the window width, what colour will the object be?
white
31
if the value is lower than the selected range of the window width, what colour will the object be?
black
32
window level
selection of HUs that are displayed on the image
33
what should the window level be set at?
a point where the value of the average attenuation number is similar to that of the tissue of interest
34
why is it good practice to widen the window width if a patient is obese or have metallic artifacts?
34
what does a wider window width do?
- increases anatomic diversity - decreases image contrast
35
what size of window width is good for metallic artifacts and obese patients?
wider window widths
36
what size of window width is good for tissues of similar densities like the brain?
lower/narrow window widths
37
what does a narrower window width do?
provides greater density discrimination and contrast
38
dual window setting
when two images of different window widths are superimposed on each other to create a single image